tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-60428032312220376022024-02-19T10:06:57.381-05:00CCCI-CCICFraser Reilly-Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17880022654308483181noreply@blogger.comBlogger64125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-61043035781715490622014-04-16T13:43:00.002-04:002014-04-16T13:43:47.029-04:00Visit our new and improved blog on WordPress! Visitez notre nouveau blogue amélioré sur Word Press!Dear readers, please note that this blog is no longer being used. <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/blog/" target="_blank">CCIC's blog is now on WordPress</a>. All the articles previously published on this blog have migrated, so you can find all posts in the new blog.<br />
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Thanks for your interest!<br />
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*****************<br />
Chers lecteurs, veuillez prendre note que ce blogue n'est plus utilisé. <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/blog/" target="_blank">Le blogue du CCCI est maintenant sur WrodPress</a>. Tous les articles publiés sur ce blogue ont été copiés sur le nouveau, donc tous nos articles sont disponibles sur le nouveau blogue.<br />
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Merci de votre intérêt!chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-81566616995724434272013-06-10T11:06:00.002-04:002013-06-10T11:07:55.154-04:00Will the world be transformed in 2015?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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I am of two minds about the <a href="http://www.post2015hlp.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/UN-Report.pdf">new report</a> by the <a href="http://www.post2015hlp.org/">High Level Panel of Experts on the Post-2015 Development Agenda (HLP)</a>.<br />
<br />
The HLP was set up in July 2012 by UN Secretary General Bank Ki Moon to present an “ambitious, yet achievable” development framework for <a href="http://blogs.ottawacitizen.com/2013/03/25/getting-behind-global-development-goals/">what will succeed the eight Millennium Development Goals</a> (MDGs), established in 2000 and intended to be achieved by 2015. They delivered their final report last week in New York.<br />
<br />
So here’s the good news – despite sky high expectations, somehow, the Panel has delivered.<br />
<br />
The new framework has brought the environment and development back together. Many have argued (<a href="http://opencanada.org/indepth/do-we-need-sustainable-development-goals/">like Open Canada</a>) that the environmental, social and economic dimensions of sustainable development that emerged from the 1992 <a href="http://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/Agenda21.pdf">United Nations Conference on Environment and Development</a> in Rio, were never integrated into the <a href="http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/">MDGs</a>. This meant that the two have been running on parallel tracks for the past two decades. But the new framework now “put[s] sustainable development at the core,” building on the outcomes of the <a href="http://www.uncsd2012.org/">Rio +20 review</a>, and framing this as one of five transformative shifts that need to occur post-2015.<br />
<br />
Transformation is one of the other welcome themes in the new report. The new framework includes four other key transformative shifts to move beyond business-as-usual. Whereas the MDGs sought to halve extreme poverty and hunger in the world, the second shift aims to “leave no one behind” by addressing issues related to inclusion and inequality (although <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/poverty-matters/2013/may/30/un-development-report">inequality overall still gets a bum deal</a>).<br />
<br />
Third, it seeks to “transform economies for jobs and inclusive growth.” This means tackling <a href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/2012/int061412a.htm">growing inequality</a>, youth unemployment and decent work, financial stability, fair and pro-development trade, and sustainable activities, among other things.<br />
<br />
The fourth shift tackles something that was sorely missing from the MDGs – peace and conflict (<a href="http://www.saferworld.org.uk/news-and-views/comment/95">a welcome addition</a>), and open, accountable and effective institutions in all countries to help deliver on all of these transformations.<br />
<br />
Finally, it envisages a new global partnership for achieving all of this, and one that embraces all actors in development – from government, to business, to civil society, academics and people.<br />
<br />
The framework also builds on the unfinished business of the MDGs by integrating some of the lessons learned from the past 13 years. For example, it draws attention to not just creating decent work for poor people, but securing land tenure for them; it focuses on the quality of education and lifelong learning, not just getting more kids in schools; and it looks at ending hunger, but also ensuring people have nutritious food to eat.<br />
<br />
It also introduces a range of important new issues: ending gender violence and child marriage, enhancing access of the poor to social protection systems, universal sexual and reproductive health and rights, increased access to energy and more renewable energy, ensuring basic political freedoms and rights to information and data, and a focus on tax evasion, among others.<br />
<br />
All of this it has bundled up into 12 illustrative goals, with corresponding targets, disaggregated indicators (that would measure the realization of the targets) to ensure shared progress by different groups within a country, and a call for a data revolution to ensure that countries can gather this information.<br />
<br />
Finally the panel has also been extremely strategic. They have sought to fill gaps and identify new issues, be ambitious but also practical (by translating transformative shifts into concrete goals and targets that the panel argues everyone can rally behind), and ensure that the framework applies to all countries but can also be adapted to national contexts.<br />
<br />
So what’s not to like?<br />
<br />
While the MDGs have helped spur huge progress on a number of fronts (half a billion less people living below the poverty line, 3 million less child deaths per year, 25% reduction in deaths from malaria), the world is facing a <a href="http://www.ottawacitizen.com/business/Global+shocks+shake+progress+development/8356750/story.html">series of global shocks</a> – the financial crisis, a food system in disarray, the Arab Spring – that could completely undo global progress on development. Inequality is on the rise. Carbon dioxide <a href="http://rabble.ca/blogs/bloggers/elizabeth-may/2013/05/crossing-400-ppm-line-concentration-carbon-dioxide-reaches-tipp">emissions hit 400 parts per million</a>, bringing us closer to a global catastrophic climate crisis.<br />
<br />
So yes it is time for transformation. But, to <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2013_05_14_Thinking_ahead_ME.pdf">quote</a> renowned development thinker<a href="http://futurepositive.org/"> Michael Edwards</a>, “like a butterfly emerging from a chrysalis, [this means] that something <i>qualitatively </i>different and better, not simply something <i>quantitatively </i>bigger or more of the same, can emerge from old or existing structures.”<br />
<br />
While the HLP’s recommendations mark a significant shift in how we need to address these issues, and may have a big impact on the lives of millions, it tackles symptoms rather than the emerging set of systemic crisis we’re facing. This requires not just retweaking and refining the current system so it works better, but doing things fundamentally differently for people and the planet.<br />
<br />
I am willing to do so. I guess we will have to wait until 2015 to see whether millions of Canadians (and the government) feels the same.<br />
<br />
<i>This article by Fraser Reilly-King, Policy Analyst at the Canadian Council for International Co-operation, was first published in the Ottawa Citizen Blog on Aid and Development, on June 6, 2013.</i>chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-36495178462626743862013-05-28T13:51:00.001-04:002013-05-28T13:51:53.356-04:00My Experience Volunteering with CCIC<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">As a novice volunteer and recent grad, I didn’t
know exactly what to expect when it came to voluntee<a href="" name="_GoBack"></a>ring
with CCIC. I have been very focused on studying
and working for the last few years but have always wanted to volunteer. Last spring I volunteered at a Management
Development Conference for Women at Carleton University and found the
experience to be very rewarding so I jumped at the chance to volunteer at the <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/what_we_do/2013_forum_agm_e.php" target="_blank">Forum and AGM</a>. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">From the get-go, our volunteer coordinator
Amy offered us a choice of meaningful tasks and roles as well as the chance to
actively participate in the forum. I joined a workshop for emerging leaders, chatted
with those who participated in the public debate and also volunteered as a
rapporteur during one of several breakout groups. Other volunteers have been
busy tweeting, snapping photos, taking videos and even engaging with
parliamentarians.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Although I have no experience in international
development, I have worked at Natural Resources Canada through the Federal
Student Work Experience Program and was immersed in several international
development issues related to sustainable mining in Canada and abroad. During
the emerging leaders workshop, I was able to share my experiences and learn
from others who were working in their respective fields. This was experiential
learning at play, which reminded me so much of the seminars that I had
participated in during grad school at Carleton. I was instantly impressed and
filled with anticipation of what the next few days would bring. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Later that evening I attended the <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/what_we_do/2013_debate_e.php" target="_blank">public debate</a>. After recently participating in some heated classroom debates, I was
excited to get the chance to sit back, relax and enjoy. Nevertheless, I found
myself taking notes, as if I was still in school anticipating and preparing my
rebuttals. During the networking session, the debaters were gracious enough to partake
in interviews with volunteers. At times I felt like I was the one being
interviewed but was luckily able to integrate some of the issues that were
discussed in the emerging leaders workshop. The debaters also took the time to
offer young volunteers timely advice to help us in our career ambitions, which
I know was greatly appreciated.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Thus far, I would have to say that my role
as a rapporteur was the most surprising and rewarding. Our breakout group
approached the session in a unique manner by first sharing personal stories and
then analyzing these experiences. Listening
to such passionate and open-minded thinking was inspiring. After creating our
flip chart, I couldn’t wait to see what other groups had come up with and was proud
to see some of the exceptional recommendations that were developed!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The gala awards, dinner and dance capped
off day one of the forum. I know that my fellow volunteers were happy to end an
eventful day by sitting back and relaxing at the Museum of Nature. What a
beautiful setting to enjoy good food, conversation and dance!</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">I am so happy that I decided to volunteer
with CCIC and thoroughly enjoyed participating in the Annual Forum. Initially,
my motivation for volunteering was to make some sort of contribution while
learning more about pertinent development issues. But this was no ordinary
volunteer experience and has far exceeded my expectations! Several voices have
been represented with the common aim of working together to improve the human
condition. I feel like I’ve developed a better understanding of these perspectives
and would have to say that my own perspective has been broadened. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Thank you CICC for an amazing opportunity
and congratulations on a successful forum!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Zainab Bekkari</span></div>
chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-89692174179369640342013-05-28T13:44:00.000-04:002013-05-28T13:44:52.092-04:00Emerging Leaders’ Initiative a Hopeful Sign for Canadian Development Cooperation<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">This year’s CCIC Forum, which wrapped up on
Friday, focused on envisioning what the future of Canadian international
development co-operation could look like, 25 years from now. During his plenary
presentation, Michael Edwards of Demos led his audience through an exercise
where we were actually asked to close our eyes and picture this future. What
did we want it to be? What might it look like?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">One of the older participants later noted,
“When I did that exercise, at first all I could think of was…in 25 years, I’ll
be dead!” Certainly, most of the attendees, including almost all the current
NGO leadership, hope to be retired by then. Luckily, one of the most prescient
moves by the CCIC was to introduce, for the first time this year, the ‘Emerging
Leaders’ category of participant. These are younger professionals, most under
30 years old, who work for, and are nominated by, CCIC member organizations. It
is these emerging leaders whom we must count on to carry on the baton in
realizing the hopes and the dreams of today’s leadership. And of course, since
Canada’s international NGO sector values inclusion, it is only right that these
young leaders also add their voices to the collective conversation about the
future.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">This year, 18 emerging leaders registered
for the Forum, and it seems likely that this number will increase in future
years. Their participation was a resounding success. Paul Heidebrecht of MCC
Canada worked closely with Amy Bartlett, this year’s forum coordinator, to put
together a special program for emerging leaders, in addition to the regular
forum schedule. This included a pre-forum workshop on “Influencing policy in
interesting times”, visits with Liberal and NDP MPs most engaged with
international development and foreign affairs portfolios, and a final meeting
to determine a vision and next steps for the more immediate future of the
emerging leaders’ network.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Having sat in on many of these events, I
was struck by how well the key themes from the main conference echoed with
those specifically for young leaders. Kathy Vandergrift, the chair of the
Canadian Coalition for the Rights of Children, spoke to the young leaders group
about the changing Canadian political context. According to her view, the
leading public discourse is based on fear, and our challenge is to move it to
one of compassion. How, Kathy asked us, can civil society organizations develop
an “empathetic imagination” within the Canadian public? And how do we find our
own courage in doing so, if CSOs are afraid to take up advocacy roles because
doing so may threaten their funding bases?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">This theme of moving out of, and towards, a
vision of hope and compassion came up again and again throughout the forum. It
was raised by Michael Edwards, by many Forum participants, and even by some of
the MPs we met with. As the legislation around the recent DFAIT/CIDA merger
calls for the restructured development program to reflect ‘Canadian values’,
there is a wide sense of optimism that these values really are based on
compassion and solidarity. Young Canadians clearly share the desire to look
outwards with compassion: international development is the most popular
undergraduate degree amongst students, despite the uncertainty of future
employment in the sector.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Personally, I have a very hard time
imagining where Canadian international development cooperation may be in 25
years, because I am simply not sure what the world will look like in 25 years,
given accelerated rates of social, political, ecological and technological
change. Will we still be dependent on oil in 25 years? What will the gap
between rich and poor be? Who will be the world’s super power? What will our
national and international political organisation look like? What will the
state of the environment be? </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">I’m not sure about any of these, but I am
sure that the world we will gift to future generations is built on the actions
we take today. I vote for a world of love, rather than fear, of open
cooperation rather than closed competition. For Canadian CSOs, this starts with
revisiting and reinvigorating their links with the Canadian public, as well
with the world, reminding ourselves of the values we hold dear, celebrating the
good work we have already done, and working collaboratively and creatively as
we move forward. More than ever, Canadian CSOs depend directly on the Canadian
public to understand and support their work, and they must open themselves to
greater exchange. Likewise, while Canada has much to give to the world, we also
have much to learn from our friends internationally, now more than ever.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">I do not mean to downplay the current
challenges, nor those that lay ahead, for CCIC and its members. They’re
formidable. But I think we’re up to it. Having spent time in the last three
days with the first group of CCIC emerging leaders, I can’t help but walk away
with the impression that the future is bright.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Sarah Parkinson</span></div>
chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-86908389638710848392013-05-24T05:53:00.002-04:002013-05-24T05:53:53.630-04:00Comment s’adapter à un monde en transformation?<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDfoYZlS9885YkdVe4pO9o7NRPAhlQ3VtQfNzv6OlxDRkGHkqFlT9sHt3EVPlIFwFGKbdV0icoQjLe90mKWA1bHM8SUSINgGEFnyWy0ieUt-m8u4l9BnLmsunEn8-d5XxM67e5nRN2-1t7/s1600/Emilie.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDfoYZlS9885YkdVe4pO9o7NRPAhlQ3VtQfNzv6OlxDRkGHkqFlT9sHt3EVPlIFwFGKbdV0icoQjLe90mKWA1bHM8SUSINgGEFnyWy0ieUt-m8u4l9BnLmsunEn8-d5XxM67e5nRN2-1t7/s200/Emilie.JPG" width="200" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Le forum annuel du Conseil canadien pour la Coopération
internationale porte cette année sur le thème du <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">développement et de la transformation sociale, une responsabilité
partagée</i>. Cette première journée interpelle toutes les organisations de la
société civile, car elle aborde leur avenir. Les défis auxquels font face les
organisations sont grands dans cet environnement en évolution.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Le point de départ de cette réflexion débute avec
l’essai de Michael Edwards, chercheur principal distingué à Demos et rédacteur
en chef de Transformation@openDemocracy. Celui-ci s’intitule « Réflexion
axée sur l’avenir : quatre questions qui interpellent les ONG ». Les
participants ont pris part en matinée à un exercice de visualisation où ceux-ci
étaient invités à imaginer le monde dans lequel ils voudraient vivre dans le
futur. Michael Edwards conçoit les relations mondiales en termes local-global
et non nord-sud.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Pour Anabel Cruz, directrice fondatrice de
l’Instituto de Comunicación y Desarrollo en Uruguay, le concept d’aide
étrangère n’est pas le terme à utiliser, car il implique une idée de
supériorité. Selon elle, les organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) devraient
plutôt promouvoir la coopération horizontale, par exemple entre les différents
pays d’Amérique latine. La situation politique de cette zone a beaucoup évolué
depuis une trentaine d’années. Désormais, plusieurs gouvernements sont de
tendance progressiste. Cette coopération devient donc possible et souhaitable. Elle
réduirait ainsi leur dépendance envers l’influence des puissances occidentales.
Nous devons nous interroger sur les capacités qui ont été développées par le
passé et construire à partir de ces bases.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">La transformation de l’aide étrangère depuis
vingt-cinq ans et plus récemment avec la réorientation des priorités de ses
bailleurs de fonds publics oblige les organisations à repenser leur structure,
leurs pratiques et leur ancrage au sein de la société civile canadienne. Pour
certaines, cela signifie qu’elles doivent trouver de nouvelles sources de
financement pour continuer leurs activités nationales ou internationales. La
transparence de leur financement devient donc un élément essentiel du lien de
confiance qui les unit à la société civile. Comme l’indique Anabel Cruz, les
organisations doivent accepter les politiques gouvernementales pour survivre. Le
financement public de la responsabilité sociale des entreprises, notamment des
compagnies minières, semble être à la mode. Par conséquent, l’impact des
décisions gouvernementales est très important sur le mandat des organisations. De
plus, le financement public oblige maintenant les organisations à obtenir des
résultats plus rapidement. L’âge d’or du développement international est
révolu.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">L’explosion du nombre d’organisations non gouvernementales
indique également que les barrières à l’entrée sont très faibles. Barbara
Levine, professeure adjointe à l’École de politique publique et
d’administration de l’Université Carleton pose la question du besoin
d’alliances stratégiques. D’après elle, ces alliances ne doivent pas être
forcées, mais plutôt créées dans une perspective de vision commune de l’avenir.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">La pertinence de ces organisations est également mise
en doute. Anabel Cruz indique qu’il est important de revitaliser les liens des
ONG avec les réalités locales. La plupart d’entre elles sont déconnectées des
mouvements qui transforment la société (exemple : la place Syntagma ou le
mouvement étudiant chilien). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">La définition de client est également examinée.
Selon Brian Emmett, économiste en chef à Imagine Canada, la dichotomie des
donateurs et des États / organisations récipiendaires place les organisations
dans une position difficilement soutenable. Les donateurs ne souhaitent plus traiter
par un intermédiaire et souhaitent que leur contribution ait des résultats
concrets à court terme. De l’autre côté, les récipiendaires ne souhaitent plus
être passifs dans l’attente d’une solution <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">deus
ex machina</i>. Il existe plusieurs exemples de partenariats avec des organismes
locaux qui sont impliqués dans l’élaboration de solutions (exemple : venir
au Canada pour travailler de concert avec l’ONG) et qui visent à les rendre
autonomes. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">En conclusion, dans un contexte de changement
structurel et de crise économique mondiale, la transformation semble
inévitable. De nouveaux modèles d’aide internationale, humanitaire ou d’aide au
développement doivent être développés. Il semble pour l’instant y avoir plus de
questions que de réponses. Cependant, les organismes se devront d’être
proactifs s’ils désirent conserver leur influence, mais surtout s’ils désirent
renouer avec leurs racines. Les ONG doivent se réinventer et elles devront en
payer le prix, au risque de perdre leur identité. </span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Emilie Carrier </span></div>
chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-40761333009053984532013-05-23T18:23:00.000-04:002013-05-23T18:23:27.608-04:00Inspired or deflated? Discussing the future of Canadian development aid<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 15.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: NO-BOK;">As a fly on
the wall, or as my badge has it, a volunteer, at the Annual Forum of the
Canadian Council for International Cooperation (CCIC) I’ve gotten to listen in
on discussions and debates on the most pressing issues to Canada’s development
CSO (Civil Society Organization) community. It is clear that Canada’s foreign
development sector is entering some interesting times, and I do mean interesting
in the most attention-grabbing form. Not only is CIDA amalgamating with DFAIT,
but also the global development landscape is changing in front of our very
eyes. The economic ascension of developing countries is rearranging the
traditional relationship between providers and receivers of aid. With this in
mind, I have witnessed discussions with an atmosphere of urgency, but also with
a lining of optimism. As this forum goes on I hope this urgency will lead to a
sense of a common purpose.</span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 15.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: NO-BOK;">One of the
more grand ideas behind this year’s gathering is the idea of shared
responsibilities, or as Mathias Fiedler (whose paper provides a fundament for
some of the discussions) puts it, the “One world approach”. Keynote speaker
Michael Edward describes this concept as a bridge. This bridge rests on
foundations that are equal at both ends and people are able to cross over in
both directions. Development needs to happen in both hemispheres with a global
participation and sense of responsibility. This week, over 150 leaders and
participants gather here in Ottawa to discuss where Canadian organizations can
fit into this picture.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 15.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: NO-BOK;">This concept
of shared responsibilities got me thinking. How would I feel as a citizen of
Canada, if a group from for example China came to Ottawa to influence the
development of my surroundings? Obviously, the answer to this question depends
on the approach, methods, and area of interest (among many other factors) of
the organization in question. If the bridge allows passage both ways,
“developing” countries should be allowed to make what might at first be
unwelcome demands of “developed” countries. The first of these should probably
be to ask developed countries to stop referring to themselves as developed and
recognize their own need for change. As Kathy Vandergrift proposed to the
forum’s emerging leaders, maybe Canada is at a point where instead of sending
aid workers abroad, we need to ask other countries to come here to help us
reinvigorate the public discourse on for example sustainable consumption.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 15.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: NO-BOK;">Canadians
should not be afraid to challenge themselves, particularly in handling some of
the more uncomfortable discussions. This means that aid should be an important
topic at all levels of society, and also that us in the CSO environment should
be open to discussing new development methods. As these ideas are being
discussed here at the forum, I hope they do not get caught up in too much
idealism (and perhaps a fear of offending), but that they also remain well
planted in the reality of things. As Mr. Fiedler warns, the development
discussion has a tendency to foster sycophants and self-congratulation. The
CCIC has done a good job in seeking to avoid this, particularly through Wednesday’s
debate.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 15.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: NO-BOK;">A particular
point of contention has been Canada’s role in the changing aid landscape. Our
government is shaping its policies to try to keep up (or withdraw as some will
have it) with these external changes. How can the new combination of strategic
interests, trade, and aid be successful? Wednesday’s debate participants seemed
to share the opinion that the new structure is functional, but depends on the
actors inserted into it (think passionate leaders). Lucien Bradet ceded that
the current personnel did not make his job of arguing for the new policy
easier. Across the table, John Mckay to some extent in agreement, accepted that
a cross party commitment, as seen in Britain, would make the new policy more
persuasive.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 15.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: NO-BOK;">In agreement
or not, the situation remains that the Canadian CSO community will imminently
find itself working within this framework. After hearing some of the ideas
discussed today, I am left with the image of a turning of the ages. As the
extinction of the dinosaurs brought on the ascension of the mammals, I am sure
that the restructuring of the Canadian aid policies will see the fall of some
outdated ideas, but I am also hopeful that it will see the rise of new
innovative methods that will strengthen the plethora of Canadian aid
organizations.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="color: black; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 15.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: NO-BOK;">After taking
in the impressions from the first day of the Annual Forum, I am left, after an
influx of ideas, at a point of reserved optimism. Yes Canada’s CSO community is
entering uncharted waters, however, from the signs of today’s discussion, it is
not doing so without a will to adapt and prepare for a thorough exploration of
these new territories.</span></div>
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chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-12043954576380734152013-04-16T12:53:00.001-04:002013-04-16T12:58:33.592-04:00Who says trade and growth will lead to development? <i>This article first appeared on the Ottawa Citizen <a href="http://blogs.ottawacitizen.com/2013/04/16/who-says-trade-and-growth-will-lead-to-development/" target="_blank">blog on aid and development.</a></i><br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfL6mDK7OOsGFda3qNfAu4fBh2PiSVwx9f6tan-LA4KsRbThWu-nYy_p7NCPLFVpM2wfJTRBQxQ0C63ZEZlobQPWX9s65Jmc3_ISDkgj276RPc_RvNw1oCpeP3y36AWXfFU0iz1MKhnWjz/s1600/Fraser+Reilly-King.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfL6mDK7OOsGFda3qNfAu4fBh2PiSVwx9f6tan-LA4KsRbThWu-nYy_p7NCPLFVpM2wfJTRBQxQ0C63ZEZlobQPWX9s65Jmc3_ISDkgj276RPc_RvNw1oCpeP3y36AWXfFU0iz1MKhnWjz/s200/Fraser+Reilly-King.jpg" width="140" /></a>Aid hasn’t done much for development, and even less for sustainable
growth in countries. In fact everything but aid – trade liberalization,
productivity and technology gains, income redistribution, remittances,
the new “<a data-mce-href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9bZkp7q19f0" href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9bZkp7q19f0">gangnam style</a>”
dance (ok, I made that bit up) – have been at the heart of the dramatic
improvement in living standards in a number of emerging economies in
recent years.<br />
<br />
This is the main premise of the Globe & Mail’s March 29 editorial, “<a data-mce-href="http://www.theglobeandmail.com/commentary/editorials/toward-better-smarter-foreign-aid/article10512793/" href="http://www.theglobeandmail.com/commentary/editorials/toward-better-smarter-foreign-aid/article10512793/">Towards better, smarter foreign aid</a>”,
on their rationale for why merging the Canadian International
Development Agency (CIDA) into one Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade
and Development makes total sense.<br />
<br />
Forget building bridges, roads
and dams. Together, aid can better used to promote trade, which in turn
will lead to more sustainable growth and long-term development. Just
look at Brazil and Mexico and South Africa, the Globe says.<br />
<br />
So I did.<br />
<br />
In
recent years, there has been a growing body of evidence that has
analyzed some of the factors that encouraged sustained and inclusive
growth and development in many emerging and developing economies.<br />
<br />
The World Bank -sponsored 2008 <a data-mce-href="https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/6507/449860PUB0Box3101OFFICIAL0USE0ONLY1.pdf?sequence=1" href="https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/6507/449860PUB0Box3101OFFICIAL0USE0ONLY1.pdf?sequence=1">Commission on Growth and Development</a>
drew its “strategies for sustained and inclusive growth” from 13
developing economies that enjoyed a sustained (25 years) period of
strong growth (seven percent) and human development. The <a data-mce-href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/mediacentre/humandevelopmentreportpresskits/2013report/" href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/mediacentre/humandevelopmentreportpresskits/2013report/">UNDP’s 2013 Human Development Report</a>
on “The Rise of the South” was released just one month ago. It taps the
experience of 40 countries that had “done better than expected” in
terms of both income and non-income dimensions of human development.<br />
<br />
Both
reports (like me) unequivocally agree that while trade and growth are
important, growth is an insufficient condition to ensure long-term,
positive and sustainable human development.<br />
<br />
So what then? Each
report highlights a number of key factors that contributed to the
success of these economies in terms of both positive growth and human
development outcomes. They overlap in three areas worth highlighting:<br />
<br />
<b>1) </b><b>Strong leadership and an active government and society </b>–
While the private sector has an important role to play in development,
both the Commission and UNDP reminds us of the necessity of a pro-active
developmental state and society. Supported by a talented and well
compensated public service, the Commission’s cases identified the
importance of active governments that were invested in, and committed
to, long-term plans to bring about inclusive growth in their economies
and to effective institutions to deliver on this commitment. But
governments also need social policy that promotes inclusion, adds the
UNDP, to ensure non-discrimination and equal treatment. As the Arab
Spring has reminded us, this also requires space for people – in
particular young people - to voice their concerns and demands, influence
and shape policy, participate in political processes and demand
accountability.<br />
<br />
<b>2) </b><b>A healthy questioning of unfettered liberalization</b>
– While the Commission acknowledges the need for open markets and a
responsive economy that supports innovative new industries and dumps
obsolete ones, it acknowledges that none of the countries they studied <a data-mce-href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_market_economy" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_market_economy">were free market</a>
purists (nor was the US and UK, for that matter). These countries
developed industrial strategies to promote investments in new sectors,
subsidized industries that otherwise wouldn’t have emerged, managed
their exchange rates, implemented capital controls, and built up their
reserves. (It is enough to make <a data-mce-href="http:\\en.wikipedia.org\wiki\Adam_Smith" href="http://postmediaottawacitizen.wordpress.com/wp-admin/%5C%5Cen.wikipedia.org%5Cwiki%5CAdam_Smith">Adam Smith</a>
roll over in his grave.) Although neither the UNDP nor Commission
advocate for such policies long term, they do recognize that there is a
time and a place for such policies. Likewise, while the UNDP notes that
tapping global markets is key, “success is more likely to be the result
not of a sudden opening but of gradual and sequenced integration with
the world economy, according to national circumstances, and accompanied
by investment in people, institutions and infrastructure.”<br />
<br />
<b>3) </b><b>Impressive levels of public investments</b>
– Both the Commission and UNDP underscore the importance of investing
heavily in people (quality education and skills development, in
particular for girls, and nutrition and health care), and in
infrastructure (roads, ports, airports, electricity,
telecommunications). But this must also be accompanied by a strong focus
on job creation and equality of opportunity that can shape (and be
shaped by) the nature and pace of the job market, in synch with the
skill-set of the new workforce. Furthermore, social safety nets, legal
empowerment and access to basic services help smooth the transition for
people between jobs. According to the Commission, this produces
“healthy, educated workers, passable roads, and reliable electricity”
and actually crowds in private investment, creating what the UNDP calls
“virtuous cycles in which growth and social policies reinforce each
other.”<br />
<br />
Which leaves me wondering: wouldn’t “<a data-mce-href="http://www.theglobeandmail.com/commentary/editorials/toward-better-smarter-foreign-aid/article10512793/" href="http://www.theglobeandmail.com/commentary/editorials/toward-better-smarter-foreign-aid/article10512793/">better, smarter foreign aid</a>”
have more leverage and impact if it aligned less with how we think
growth and development works, and more with how it is actually happening
– and quite successfully – in many parts of the developing world?<br />
<br />
What do you think?<br />
<br />
<i>This blog was written by Fraser Reilly-King, Policy Analyst (Aid), CCIC. The views expressed are his own, and do not necessarily represent the views of CCIC or its members.</i> Fraser Reilly-Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17880022654308483181noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-32838596032950810512013-04-09T15:03:00.003-04:002013-04-16T12:20:46.151-04:00Human Development Report 2013: Operationalizing Sen’s Development Framework through the Multidimensional Poverty Index <br />
<span style="clear: right; float: right; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-CA; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><img height="200" id="_x0000_i1025" src="http://podcasts.ox.ac.uk/sites/podcasts/files/styles/large/public/images/series/originals/2012_ophialbumcover_0.jpg?itok=Ll4RPbVh" width="200" /></span>Development is
frequently framed solely in terms of economic growth. Welfare and poverty
measures’ paramount focus has been on income, consumption of goods, and
availability of resources. Hence, development processes have traditionally been
evaluated and quantified using economic indexes such as the Gross Domestic
Product. Likewise, poverty is defined by a threshold of income, or
alternatively of household commodities consumption, that one must cross in
order to escape from being labelled “poor.”<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
However, examining
income alone is inadequate for describing human poverty. Utilitarian-focused
poverty measures do not reflect concerns over other aspects of human
deprivation, such as well-being, happiness, sustainability, freedom,
capabilities, and the like. In short, these poverty measures’ preoccupation
with setting the right components and prices in evaluating those metrics
overshadow the non-economic aspects of human development.<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
Unsatisfied with
current measures of poverty and welfare, and wanting to capture the full
complexity of human capabilities, development economists such as Amartya Sen
have expounded the capability approach throughout the past few decades. Sen’s
work seeks to reorient development work to expand individuals’ capabilities in
achieving valuable beings and doings. Departing from orthodox measures of poverty
and the Rawlsian emphasis on primary goods or utility measures, Sen examines an
individual’s level of functionings – that is, the “various things that a person
may value doing or being.” This framework reorients human development to expand
a person’s real opportunities or freedoms to live lives he or she has reason to
value. <o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
Notwithstanding his
other contributions to the development discourse, Sen’s conceptualization of
capabilities as a kind of substantive freedom is an advancement for those who
are traditionally disregarded in decision-making processes. Recognizing the
poor’s agency in voicing their own needs and laying claims to opportunities for
living lives they have reason to value, the marginalized are cast to the
forefront as actors – in lieu of passive beneficiaries of aid – within
development processes. In sum, Sen’s philosophical reframing of poverty and
development has the potential to effectively democratize development processes.<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
His conceptual
framework laid the foundations for the Human Development Index, which was
created in 1990 for the Human Development Report. This index is supplemented by
the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) in 2010, which “identifies multiple
deprivations at the individual level in health, education and standard of
living” across 104 developing countries (<a href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/mpi/">UNDP</a>). Its developers
advocate for its use in order to complement income poverty measures. By
measuring acute poverty instead of extreme poverty (based on the World Bank’s
$1.25/day poverty measure), the MPI sheds light on those who “do not reach the
minimum standards in several indicators at the same time” (<a href="http://www.ophi.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/OPHI-RP-31a.pdf">Alkire and
Santos 2011:30</a>).<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
The legitimacy of the
MPI stems from how it reflects the Millennium Development Goals in its
indicator cut-offs, making it a more direct measure of human development
aspirations that are internationally agreed-upon (<a href="http://www.ophi.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/OPHI-RP-31a.pdf">Alkire and
Santos 2011:30</a>). Drawing from data sources such as the Demographic Health
Surveys (DHS), the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS), and the World
Health Survey, the MPI focuses on the wider dimensions of poverty and
underdevelopment than traditional income poverty measures. Unlike the Human
Development Index, however, the MPI’s variables are linked to a particular
household (i.e. same survey source). The MPI is also decomposable by population
sub-groups, allowing policy makers to analyze poverty data and target their
development policies to specific groups accordingly. <o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.ophi.org.uk/multidimensional-poverty-index/mpi-2013/">OPHI’s
analysis</a> of the global MPI 2013 spans four topics, of which one is an
analysis of where the poorest “Bottom Billion” live using both national averages
and individual poverty profiles. By identify where the poor are and how they
are poor, the MPI 2013 can be used to divert resources effectively to meet the
Millennium Development Goals and the post-2015 MDGs. The analysis is especially
important in dispelling common assumptions of where the poor are: almost 10% of
the poorest billion people live in High Income or upper Middle Income
countries. This demonstrates the need for going beyond traditional monetary
poverty measures for identifying the poor.<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
Because the MPI can be
disaggregated, it can highlight inequalities across regions and social groups.
If one examines national poverty levels, the MPI shows that the “Bottom
Billion” live in 30 countries, with 66% of the poorest billion living in Lower
Middle Income countries. An analysis of subnational poverty levels shows that
the bottom billion live in 265 subnational regions across 44 countries.
Finally, individual poverty profiles reveal that the poorest billion are
distributed across 100 countries, with over 9% living in upper Middle Income
countries. Geographically speaking, South Asia is home to the majority of the
world’s poorest billion, ranging from 52 to 62%, depending on the level of
disaggregation. Most of the rest of the “Bottom Billion” live in Sub-Saharan
Africa.<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
From the discussion
above, it is clear that the MPI is a crucial tool for analyzing the
effectiveness of poverty alleviation efforts on national, subnational, and
individual scales. Moreover, it provides a more comprehensive picture of human
development and takes into account the voice of the poor. By focusing attention
on people’s capabilities, the MPI is one step closer to realizing Sen’s call
towards a development paradigm that centers on the poor’s agency in reframing
what poverty means, thus bringing about a more inclusive development regime
that truly addresses the deprivations faced by individuals.<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<em>Esther Kwan is a first year MPhil student at the Oxford Department of
International Development.</em>chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-50487538452985672162013-03-28T13:44:00.000-04:002013-04-16T12:45:02.167-04:00Human Development Report 2013: The Emergence of the Global Civil Society and New Partnerships<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8EitqugsUwfqwRzhx_T77wwp5d264ROCHQEtYZkFXUABHhjdv6mwKpaze1gTM2X_sZqtcYTVw9cTWEUsgIg7lDzKFc5VVpFs5hiwl3ksPY3sbdSHncPZNvol8TUF43o9_6fkOZFfvWZMY/s1600/Kai+-+Malawi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8EitqugsUwfqwRzhx_T77wwp5d264ROCHQEtYZkFXUABHhjdv6mwKpaze1gTM2X_sZqtcYTVw9cTWEUsgIg7lDzKFc5VVpFs5hiwl3ksPY3sbdSHncPZNvol8TUF43o9_6fkOZFfvWZMY/s200/Kai+-+Malawi.jpg" width="200" /></a><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">The Global Civil Society in the New Arrangement</b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
The
rise of the South presents opportunities for new development partnerships and
approaches. Local movements, national
activists, labour unions, and civil societies in the South are increasingly becoming
more connected and wired to various transnational solidarity and knowledge
networks outside the confines of the traditional international governance
channels dominated by the North. These transnational networks, such as the <span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.fsm2013.org/en">World
Social Forum</a>,
<a href="http://www.civicus.org/">CIVICUS</a>, <a href="http://www.ubuntu.upc.edu/index.php?lg=eng">UBUNTU</a>, and many others, are influencing the
behavior of state and private actors alike by pushing for new norms, reframing
critical development issues, and making demands for states to act on climate
change, international trade regime reform, fairer governance, social inequalities,
and human rights issues. These networks are laying the foundations for an
emerging global civil society and a ground up global public opinion. </span><br />
<br />
The
emergence of the <a href="http://www2.lse.ac.uk/internationalDevelopment/research/CSHS/civilSociety/yearBook/contentsPages/2012.aspx">global civil society</a> and public opinion is a
vibrant and dynamic element of the new global arrangement. The new arrangement
calls for a more equitable and meaningful representation of the South, civil
societies, and social movements on the world stage.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> This more equitable and meaningful
representation aims to promote the human development and the aspirations of the
<a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/datablog/2013/jan/30/developing-world-middle-class-growing">growing global middle-class</a> that amplifies our common
goal for a more just and fairer world.</span><br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><strong>New Partnerships for Responsible
Sovereignty </strong></span></div>
Leading
emerging countries of the South are using their own “ideas and energy to create
new momentum for human development” (HDR, 2013: 120). As a result, non-state
and state actors in the North are becoming more sensitive and inclusive of the
needs of all nations. An important part of the North becoming more sensitive
and inclusive of the needs of the South comes from new South-South economic and
political partnerships, where developing countries are learning and benefiting
from the successes of leading emerging countries. A number of these
partnerships include new South-South trade arrangements like the <a href="http://www.unctadxi.org/templates/Page____8313.aspx">Sao Paulo Round of 2010</a>> and the recent <span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.brics5.co.za/">5<sup>th</sup>
BRICS Summit</a>
in Durban, and important institutions focusing on the South such as the <span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.southcentre.org/">South
Centre</a>(formerly the South Commission), and
the <span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.mas.gov.sg/news-and-publications/press-releases/2009/joint-press-release-the-establishment-of-the-chiang-mai-initiative-multilateralization.aspx">Chiang Mai Initiative
Multilateralization</a>.
Gradual transition is taking place as we strive for a more equitable
representation of the South through determined reforms of international
financial institutions, multilateral and security organs that is to come.<br />
</span></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
The
growth of the global civil society and global civic activism is core to the <span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.carnegiecouncil.org/education/006/world_politics/01/chap_6/001">responsible sovereignty</a> of nations. “Responsible
sovereignty takes the long-term interests of the world as a whole into account
when formulating national policies” (HDR, 2013:116). Responsible sovereignty
must also be extended not only to states but also to private citizens and
corporations as they should also be responsible and accountable for their own
decisions and actions to protect global resources and address transnational threats. Non-state and
citizens actors must also contribute positively to the Post-2015 agenda, environmental
sustainability, climate change, youth unemployment, human migration,
urbanization, food security, <a href="http://www.blogger.com/null" name="_GoBack"></a>and global trade and
investment issues. Similar to
the rising economic and political influence of the South, the rise of the
global civil society and activists are important partners in global decision-making
and pioneering new approaches in tackling international challenges. One example
of responsible sovereignty spearheaded by Canada is the <a href="http://www.responsibilitytoprotect.org/">Responsibility to Protect Initiative</a>, which attempts to
modernize international security, human rights, and humanitarian norms. </span><br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Canada and New Partnerships</b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><o:p></o:p></b>
In
the Canadian context, the heated debate around <a href="http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/acdi-cida/ACDI-CIDA.nsf/eng/CAR-929105317-KGD">Private-Public Partnerships</a> (PPP or P3) in
extractive-led development overseas is challenging the boundaries and ethics of
public and private interests that raises critical questions about international
cooperation and for whom does this type of development truly benefits and
excludes. However, definitions and concepts of “publicness” and “privateness”
are social constructs designed by policy choices that need strong regulatory
reorientation. Public and private interests in terms of human rights, trade,
investment, development, environment, and sovereign interests, do not have to
be zero-sum as we all try to adapt and co-create the changing global realities.
At the same time, this new arrangement is not a divisive struggle of the new
replacing the old or the South replacing the North, instead, the new
arrangement “is integrating, coordinating and in some cases reforming” existing
structures to make all actors, the South, the North, the private, and the
public work more effectively and coherently together (HDR, 2013: 112).<br />
<br />
Finally,
the optimistic news is that the South, especially the leading emerging
countries such as BRICS and other groupings (e.g. IBSA, CIVETS, and MIST), are
making rapid advancements in human development. However, when we look beyond
the national HDI averages, the numbers change quite drastically. When factoring
in <span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/ihdi/">Inequality Adjusted-HDI</a> and <a href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/gii/">Gender Inequality Index</a>, and <span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/mpi/">Multidimensional Poverty Index</a>, many states such as
Mexico, Brazil, Namibia, Angola, Nigeria, and even South Korea, and the United
States rankings drop. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">This year, Canada ranked 11 on the HDI,15 on the Inequality-adjusted HDI and 18 on the Gender inequality Index.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> <o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></span></div>
Link to the
Report Summary in <span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR2013_EN_Summary.pdf">English</a> and <span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2013_summary_FR.pdf">en français</a> of the <span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2013/">Human
Development Report 2013 - The Rise of the South: Human Progress in a Diverse World</a></span></span></span></span></span></span>. <br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<em>Kai-Hsin Hung is the current Research
Assistant with the Asia-Pacific Working Group (APWG) and a recent graduate from
the School of International Development and Global Studies at the University of
Ottawa. <o:p></o:p></em></div>
chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-54937958626885579312013-03-12T16:08:00.003-04:002013-03-12T16:08:50.102-04:00Country Action: Do all youth have a fair shot at secondary school?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4DEcHvKUKyKQHmFCz0Omc71hnobOfcCoeRmM5nlOKqJxM3a43VlyeVROUidSyzCVVoodyEh1fj7eR18C04rwLRXwoA4sHd337_yWKUTBEZO2a8S4N41PWfREKnXRWTKRtQ9ZTXAhmQiYB/s1600/CC+book+cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4DEcHvKUKyKQHmFCz0Omc71hnobOfcCoeRmM5nlOKqJxM3a43VlyeVROUidSyzCVVoodyEh1fj7eR18C04rwLRXwoA4sHd337_yWKUTBEZO2a8S4N41PWfREKnXRWTKRtQ9ZTXAhmQiYB/s200/CC+book+cover.jpg" width="130" /></a></div>
<em>This post by
Jody Heymann and Kristen McNeill was
first published on the </em><a href="http://www.educationforallblog.org/access-to-education/do-all-youth-have-a-fair-shot-at-secondary-school." target="_blank"><em>Global Partnership for Education website</em></a><em>. CCIC is thankful for permission to re-publish.</em>
<br />
<br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Which countries around the world make education
compulsory for 15-year-olds? How many countries in your region ensure that
secondary school teachers are sufficiently trained? How many high- and
low-income countries ensure that disabled children can attend school in the
same classrooms as their non-disabled peers?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>How many countries have prohibited discrimination in education for
children of all ethnic groups? These are but a few of the many questions that
must be answered to truly understand whether children have access to schools,
whether they will receive a quality education, and whether it is a real
possibility for children across all income groups and marginalized populations.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Before now, there has been a wealth of important
information on educational policies and outcomes made available through
detailed UN reports, country reports, NGO initiatives, and other sources. These
have been a crucial resource. However, the voluminous and qualitative nature of
much of the available information limited accessibility; it was much more
suited for in-depth investigations of the situation in particular countries
than broad-scale comparisons and identifications of which countries are leading
the pack and which are falling behind. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">For the past several years, we have been working on
the Children’s Chances Initiative to make comparative information on education
and other child policies easily accessible. Key results of this study on what
countries are doing to make equal chances for children a reality are presented
in a new report launched February 12<sup>th</sup>, entitled “Changing
Children’s Chances.” </span></div>
<br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">In terms of education, there is good news and bad
news. Primary education has long been a priority for the global community, and
rightfully so – it is an absolutely essential and foundational element of
childhood. This global commitment has yielded important results. New data
analyzed by our international team </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;">examining laws and policies in all
UN member states around the world </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">shows</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;"> that </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">in basic
education the world has come a long way. The majority of countries in the world
(166) have made <a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/beyond-basic-education/is-primary-education-tuition-free/"><span style="color: yellow;">primary
education</span></a> tuition-free. And in all but 15 countries, primary schooling is <a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/beyond-basic-education/is-primary-education-compulsory/"><span style="color: yellow;">compulsory</span></a>,
with progress being seen across all regions. When net primary enrolment rates
in sub-Saharan Africa jump from 56% to 73% in just eight years, and all but 8
countries globally now have <a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/meeting-special-needs/is-inclusive-education-available-for-children-with-disabilities/"><span style="color: yellow;">public
provision of special education</span></a> to some degree for children with disabilities,
such progress should be celebrated. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Yet, national action – and global goals – have not
been set high enough to truly give all children a chance to succeed. When it
comes to secondary education – often a minimum requirement for jobs providing a
decent income – the picture our research presents does not show such cause for
celebration. Some 38 countries <a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/beyond-basic-education/is-completing-secondary-education-tuition-free/"><span style="color: yellow;">charge
tuition</span></a> before the completion of secondary school, leaving secondary and
higher education out of reach for many children in the poorest families. </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;">Looking
beyond enrolment rates and accessibility, even those children who can currently
attend secondary school may not be getting the most out of their education. In
48 countries teachers at the <a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/beyond-basic-education/how-much-education-must-lower-secondary-school-teachers-complete/"><span style="color: yellow;">lower
secondary level</span></a> are required to have completed no higher than a secondary
level of education themselves, and the same is true for <a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/beyond-basic-education/how-much-education-must-upper-secondary-school-teachers-complete/"><span style="color: yellow;">upper
secondary-school teachers</span></a> in 30 countries. This leaves large numbers of
youth being taught by instructors who have completed little more education than
their students. </span></div>
<br />
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;">As
with any area of children’s chances, the question of education cannot be solved
in isolation. To truly ensure that all children have an equal chance in
secondary school, governments also need to address the underlying social
conditions that determine whether children are able to attend and continue with
schooling. A child’s chance of going to school is hugely affected by whether
their parents can <a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/meeting-basic-needs/at-what-level-are-minimum-wages-set-per-day/"><span style="color: yellow;">earn
enough</span></a> to support the family without resorting to child labour to make ends
meet.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When children are needed as
income-earners, they will often have to drop out of school, especially in the
absence of laws that protect them from long hours of labour. In 103 countries
children can be <a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/a-chance-at-childhood/how-long-are-children-protected-from-full-time-work/"><span style="color: yellow;">working
full-time</span></a> under the age of 16, not old enough to allow for the completion
of high school; in 118 countries children can work more than<span style="color: yellow;"> </span><a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/a-chance-at-childhood/how-long-are-children-protected-from-working-6-or-more-hours-on-a-school-day/"><span style="color: yellow;">6
hours on school days</span></a> at age 15 or younger.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>When girls are married young, school dropout becomes much more likely;
nonetheless, <a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/a-chance-at-childhood/how-long-are-girls-protected-from-marriage/"><span style="color: yellow;">girls
can be married</span></a> below the age of 18 in 99 countries (while <a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/a-chance-at-childhood/how-long-are-boys-protected-from-marriage/"><span style="color: yellow;">boys
can be married</span></a> under 18 in 64 countries). And among these, 42 countries do
not protect girls from marriage at 15 or younger. </span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;">To
find out more about how countries are performing on education and other areas
key to children’s full and healthy development, visit <a href="http://childrenschances.org/"><span style="color: yellow;">http://childrenschances.org</span></a>. You will
find over 100 global maps showing where tuition is still charged for primary
and secondary school, where <a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/equity-and-discrimination/do-constitutions-protect-against-discrimination-in-education-based-on-gender/"><span style="color: yellow;">boys
and girls have equal rights in education</span></a>, where children are legally
protected from discrimination in education based on <a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/equity-and-discrimination/do-constitutions-protect-against-discrimination-in-education-based-on-religion/"><span style="color: yellow;">religion</span></a>,
<a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/equity-and-discrimination/do-constitutions-protect-against-discrimination-in-education-based-on-ethnicity/"><span style="color: yellow;">ethnicity</span></a>,
or <a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/meeting-special-needs/do-constitutions-guarantee-disabled-childrens-right-to-education/"><span style="color: yellow;">disability</span></a>,
where children are sheltered from <a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/a-chance-at-childhood/how-long-are-children-protected-from-hazardous-work/"><span style="color: yellow;">child
labour</span></a> and <a href="http://childrenschances.org/global-maps/a-chance-at-childhood/how-long-are-girls-protected-from-marriage-compared-to-boys/"><span style="color: yellow;">early
marriage</span></a>, and many more.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;">Clearly
much more action is required on the part of nations if all children are to have
equal chances – and this action is feasible, as demonstrated by the many
countries at every income level that have already taken important steps
forward. We know what works and what needs to be done– there are no more
excuses for inaction.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span><br />
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Jody
Heymann and Kristen McNeill are co-authors of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Children’s Chances: How Countries can Move from Surviving to Thriving</i>
(Harvard University Press, 2013).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1f497d; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"></span> </div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="color: #1f497d; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><o:p></o:p></span></i> </div>
Fraser Reilly-Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17880022654308483181noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-67944338671299449232013-02-28T14:08:00.000-05:002013-02-28T14:37:37.464-05:00Resistance when Land and Life are in Peril: Guatemalan Human Rights Defender Speaks in Canada <div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5a1XHpjGh6Amb-DrvFs2ZCNsZGaA1LnePjNOS_Yi5ueks75wNWob4nEPo-fThjxI2N-m9KmzOTK4buNtSB5ttstj2ZquJhY701AiPleHtG0Io66zAXyQNSPgo8abnN8w0vRHcpMV4-A_v/s1600/poster%5B1%5D.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; cssfloat: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" gsa="true" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5a1XHpjGh6Amb-DrvFs2ZCNsZGaA1LnePjNOS_Yi5ueks75wNWob4nEPo-fThjxI2N-m9KmzOTK4buNtSB5ttstj2ZquJhY701AiPleHtG0Io66zAXyQNSPgo8abnN8w0vRHcpMV4-A_v/s1600/poster%5B1%5D.JPG" style="cursor: move;" unselectable="on" /></a>Lolita Chávez says it is love of life that motivates her to risk her own as an outspoken Maya K'iche' activist against racism, mining, and hydroelectric project developments in the highlands of Guatemala. As a result of her leadership in Guatemala's Indigenous movement, she is a frequent target of threats, accusations and attempts to label her as someone who works against the national interest, as some sort of enemy of the state.</div>
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In Guatemala, as in many other parts of Latin America today, Lolita's story is all too common. Indigenous people, farmers, environmentalists and journalists who speak out against mining projects and policies are paying a steep price.</div>
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<br /></div>
As Ottawa-based organizations with working relationships across the Americas, we observe that such activists are increasingly targets of smear campaigns aimed at slandering them as delinquents, saboteurs or terrorists. They are also frequently subject to unfounded accusations and dilated legal processes, from which they are often released without charge, but nonetheless made to endure months, even years of burdensome stress.<br />
<br />
In the worst cases, they are targets of further violence and even assassination. Recent reports from Peace Brigades International, Amnesty International, the Inter American Commission on Human Rights and the UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders support this perception.<br />
At the root of various cases, in Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Ecuador and Peru, we see aggressive industry and state promotion of the interests of Canadian mining companies.<br />
<br />
In Guatemala, Goldcorp played a direct role in accusations against eight women living near its Marlin mine in the department of San Marcos. One of the women cut the power supply to the mine because of her frustration over the electrical post having been erected on her property <span style="mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">without
adequate information and after her complaints were repeatedly ignored.</span> For four years, these rural, indigenous women lived with warrants out for their arrest.<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
As Goldcorp grew to become one of the largest gold producers in the world, with the Marlin mine as one of its top profit makers, these women lived in turmoil until a Guatemalan women's movement successfully fought to have the charges dropped in 2012.<br />
<br />
During the past year, we have also observed attempts to criminalize activists trying to hold a consultation process about Tahoe Resources' proposed silver mine in the municipality of San Rafael Las Flores, south of Guatemala City. Tahoe Resources is a company closely related to Goldcorp. Now, instead of one municipal-wide consultation, local activists are undertaking twenty-six community-level plebiscites over the mine. This is a creative response to a difficult situation, but requires a much greater expenditure of energy and resources.<br />
<br />
It is precisely this, the process of isolating, wearing down and requiring inordinate outlay of time, energy, money and legal supports from activists and their allies that is central to the strategy of stigmatization and criminalization of dissent. It affects the individuals involved, has serious ramifications for their families and friends, and raises the stakes for others who might otherwise support their cause. This is also true when international solidarity organizations start to get named in smear campaigns that accuse them of manipulating social and environmental justice movements. We have seen this happening in Guatemala, in Canada and in other countries.<br />
<br />
This time last year, Canadian authorities began blaming U.S. charitable foundations for manipulating indigenous and environmental organizations opposed to the Northern Gateway Pipeline. This is just the tip of the iceburg when it comes to increased surveillance of such organizations by CSIS and the RCMP. At the same time we see efforts by Canadian authorities to paint activities to protect community wellbeing, fight for climate justice, and preserve water supplies as being contrary to Canadian values and against the national interest. It’s a slippery slope and one we're worried about.<br />
<br />
Seeing this trend taking place in Canada and in Guatemala, we look forward to Lolita's visit to Ottawa next week as an opportunity to discuss the criminalization of peaceful dissent in defence of land and life.<br />
<br />
Lolita has frequently heard family members and neighbours tell her to be quiet because they fear reprisals. But neither this, nor demonization from local authorities and businesspeople, has curbed her activism or her resolve. On the contrary, she has made a conscious decision to continue to defend her people's right to dignity and a healthy environment. In the process of building solidarity with Guatemala, we look forward to taking courage and inspiration from her struggle.<br />
<br />
We are proud to be among the organizers and sponsors of 'Defending Dissent When Life and Land are in Peril,' a performance and panel discussion on Tuesday March 5, from 7-9pm at the Arts Court Theatre, 2 Daly St Ottawa. For more information see the event page <a href="http://rabble.ca/whatsup/last-walk-adolfo-ich-and-panel-criminalization-dissent">here</a>. <a href="http://rabble.ca/whatsup/last-walk-adolfo-ich-and-panel-criminalization-dissent"></a><br />
<br />
Projet Accompagnement Québec Guatemala<br />
The International Civil Liberties Monitoring Group<br />
The Americas Policy Group of the Canadian Council for International Cooperation<br />
Peace Brigades International – Canada<br />
MiningWatch Canada <br />
<br />
<br />
<i>This blog was written by the aforementioned parties. The views expressed are their own, and do not necessarily represent the views of CCIC or its members.</i><br />
<img height="96" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5a1XHpjGh6Amb-DrvFs2ZCNsZGaA1LnePjNOS_Yi5ueks75wNWob4nEPo-fThjxI2N-m9KmzOTK4buNtSB5ttstj2ZquJhY701AiPleHtG0Io66zAXyQNSPgo8abnN8w0vRHcpMV4-A_v/s1600/poster%5B1%5D.JPG" style="filter: alpha(opacity=30); left: 487px; mozopacity: 0.3; opacity: 0.3; position: absolute; top: 97px; visibility: hidden;" width="62" />Brittany Lamberthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12958973613717492356noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-85659104830730801072013-02-25T16:21:00.002-05:002013-02-25T16:21:39.395-05:00International treaty ushers in new era of food assistance <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtM1LvnVMtRKjo0OTo6QmYIR0cO3AmPZLeVLYFGgAL9DFPodYSqu2q2pspvz_jpVNAAz3lFFIAwYdFfaf8bOIC701hzZsHNglyT3uZdxcW9iNuodY04aOI2xMjYlXC4CYmE-QDjti1uCPO/s1600/Barbara+Macdonald.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtM1LvnVMtRKjo0OTo6QmYIR0cO3AmPZLeVLYFGgAL9DFPodYSqu2q2pspvz_jpVNAAz3lFFIAwYdFfaf8bOIC701hzZsHNglyT3uZdxcW9iNuodY04aOI2xMjYlXC4CYmE-QDjti1uCPO/s200/Barbara+Macdonald.jpg" width="164" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">On February 5, CIDA announced its ratification of the new
Food Assistance Convention (FAC). The FAC is a treaty that helps ensure that a
minimum amount of quality food assistance is made available each year. In these
times of foreign assistance cut-backs and increased climate and conflict
related threats to food security, ratification of the FAC is a major achievement.
</span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Along with Canada, other major donors of food assistance
have now signed on including the E.U., Japan and the U.S. The new FAC came into
force on January 1 2013 and the Food Assistance Committee (the governing body)
convened for the first time under the new Convention on February 15.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The FAC itself isn’t new. Formerly known as the Food <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Aid</b> Convention, its origins date back
to 1967 and it has been re-negotiated six times in the interim. </span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">What is fresh about this version is the FAC’s new emphasis
on innovative and flexible responses to food crises. Cash and voucher-based
programs now stand on equal footing with in-kind food transfers, caps on
products to improve nutrition of women and children have disappeared, and the
provision of agricultural tools and animal re-stocking are now permitted during
emergencies and early recovery situations to help preserve assets and
livelihoods. Importantly, linkages between short-term relief and long-term food
security are underscored.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The new FAC enshrines updated principles for what
constitutes effective and efficient food assistance. Local and regional
procurement of commodities are encouraged and monetization is discouraged. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Another positive development is language around improved
transparency. Historically, recipient governments, emerging donor countries and
civil society have not played a significant role in the deliberations of the
committee that governs the FAC. The new text stipulates that the committee
“should facilitate information sharing with and dissemination to other
stakeholders, and should consult with and receive information from them to
support its discussions.” </span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">It’s a good start and we’ll be curious to see the extent to
which this happens. Notably, Brazil was an observer at the February meeting and
it will be interesting to see if they sign on to the treaty. </span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">While there is much good news to report, as always, there is
a down-side to the new FAC. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Parties no
longer make their commitments as part of the treaty itself. Rather they are
required to announce a “minimum annual commitment” within six months (by June
2013) and they can change this commitment each year. </span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">This does not bode well in terms of predictable levels of
food assistance. Tracking first commitments and their stability year to year as
well as donor performance against pledges will be critical in the coming years.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Canada has played an important role in the new FAC. Canada
chaired the negotiations and came out of the starting blocks quickly by making
its minimum annual commitment public several months before the deadline. Their
commitment of $250 million is similar to both previous commitments and civil
society “asks”. It’s important to keep in mind though that the commitment is a <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">floor</b> and as has been the case since
2004/2005, we would expect Canada to not only meet its minimum commitment but exceed
it.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Clearly, there is much to keep us busy over the coming years
as the new FAC is rolled out. We’ll be keeping a close eye on commitment levels
and performance, scale-up and effectiveness of the new food assistance tools,
and transparency in the FAC’s deliberations and reporting. We’ll also be
encouraging strengthened relationships between the London-based FAC and the
Rome-based food agencies. You can find out more about the new FAC at<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><a href="http://www.foodassistanceconvention.org/"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: Calibri;">www.foodassistanceconvention.org</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">
and on our </span><a href="http://www.foodgrainsbank.ca/food_aid_policy.aspx"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: Calibri;">website</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><em>Barbara Macdonald is Senior Policy Advisor at the Canadian Foodgrains Bank.</em></span><br />
chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-17395431005582872892013-02-19T11:58:00.000-05:002013-02-19T16:13:25.586-05:00How Do You Support Teachers? Pay Them<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrV5tMgDt7oP4sj75EKe9HsX2nwNit7SEc1ecXmzDBF_z8PTqrM3RaAt3y81N2kadLuUj-Ek8fcblen_EsIM6jQm4BqkvrHOXrNowhIOKNFIVv_mcxXcqi3lAa1PgtoOXILYIqSEw8Igtc/s1600/rebecca-winthrop.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrV5tMgDt7oP4sj75EKe9HsX2nwNit7SEc1ecXmzDBF_z8PTqrM3RaAt3y81N2kadLuUj-Ek8fcblen_EsIM6jQm4BqkvrHOXrNowhIOKNFIVv_mcxXcqi3lAa1PgtoOXILYIqSEw8Igtc/s1600/rebecca-winthrop.jpg" /></a></div>
<i class="tr_bq">This <a href="http://www.educationforallblog.org/education-and-teachers/how-do-you-support-teachers-pay-them" target="_blank">blog post</a> from Rebecca Winthrop was originally published in the <a href="http://www.educationforallblog.org/" target="_blank">Education For All Blog</a> of the <a href="http://www.globalpartnership.org/" target="_blank">Global Partnership for Education</a>. CCIC is thankful for permission to re-publish.</i><br />
<br />
In many fragile and conflict-affected states, teachers are largely responsible for rebuilding and sustaining education systems, even when the government is unable or unwilling to do so. Teachers can be found working in some of the hardest conditions around the world and are often on the front lines of violence.<br />
Education, and, with it teachers, have increasingly become targets of attack.<br />
Between 2006 and 2009:<br />
<ul>
<li>439 teachers, education employees and students were killed in Afghanistan;</li>
<li>117 teachers and students were assassinated in Colombia and 435 education staff also received death threats;</li>
<li>and <a href="http://www.protectingeducation.org/sites/default/files/documents/efa_unesco_-_the_longer_term_impact_of_attacks.pdf" target="_blank">the list goes on</a>.</li>
</ul>
However, this form of violence is not the only thing that makes teaching especially difficult in these contexts. Teachers, like their students, have often been affected in other ways by the crisis themselves, including having their livelihoods disrupted by being displaced from their homes and losing loved ones. In addition, often the teachers working in this context are paid infrequently, if at all. A <a href="http://www.ungei.org/resources/files/doc_1_Teaching_Well_-_IRC_Liberia_Report-1.pdf" target="_blank">survey of teachers</a> in post-war Liberia showed that, routinely, teachers had to work three jobs (two after they were finished teaching) just to feed their families.<br />
<br />
<blockquote>
<i>A survey of teachers in post-war Liberia showed that, routinely, teachers had to work threejobs (two after they were finished teaching) just to feed their families.</i></blockquote>
<br />
Supporting teachers in all contexts, but particularly in these difficult situations, is clearly essential–from both a human rights as well as a state-building perspective. Teachers deserve conditions of work that are safe, adequately supported and provide steady financial compensation. Any country would be hard-pressed to build an education system with an essentially volunteer teaching force.<br />
<br />
But supporting teachers amid crisis, including finding innovative ways of ensuring their regular payment, is also a smart move for those concerned with the larger projects of both state building and peace building in fragile states. Sustaining education services in crisis contexts is not only possible but an especially good idea because, if done well, it can be essential in protecting children and ensuring that young people continue the learning process. Education services amid crisis may not look like normal school–in fact teaching and learning may take place under trees or inside homes–but there are now years of documented best practices as well as globally accepted <a href="http://www.ineesite.org/en/minimum-standards" target="_blank">international standards</a> on how to do it well.<br />
<br />
Educational continuity amid crisis is important because we know that the longer a child’s education is interrupted, the harder it is for that child to find his or her way back to school and also because it lays the foundation for an early “<a href="http://books.google.com/books?id=fJoKm7DjDFEC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false" target="_blank">peace dividend</a>” post-crisis. A rapid revitalization of the education sector after a conflict or disaster has been described as one of the quickest ways of building citizens’ trust in the state (after all, schools are the most pervasive state institution) and can be a way of demonstrating to previously marginalized constituencies that they have an important stake in the political settlement or rebuilding process.<br />
<br />
Often one barrier, if not the biggest one, to revitalizing and rebuilding education systems post-crisis is the inability to regularly pay teachers. Faced with long and expensive trips to retrieve their salaries, not being on the payroll or having many months pass without pay, many teachers choose to exit their profession and earn a living another way. Governments and international agencies often struggle to pay teachers due to broken banking systems, outdated active employee lists, and limited ability to monitor or track payments.<br />
<br />
<blockquote>
<i>But supporting teachers amid crisis, including finding innovative ways of ensuring their regular payment, is also a smart move for those concerned with the larger projects of both state building and peace building in fragile states.</i></blockquote>
<br />
A recent report written by the Center for Universal Education at Brookings and the CfBT Education Trust, <a href="http://www.brookings.edu/events/2013/02/12-supporting-teachers" target="_blank">Building Effective Teacher Salary Systems in Fragile and Conflict-Affected State</a>s, examines different strategies for ensuring that teachers can be regularly paid in fragile states. While <a href="http://www.ineesite.org/en/materials/inee-guidance-notes-on-teacher-compensation" target="_blank">past research</a> on this issue has focused on strategies for setting pay scales and creating sustainable financing, this report looks at the range of possible modalities for actually delivering compensation to teachers.<br />
<br />
The report lays out a framework for this analysis by highlighting the five main components of an effective teacher compensation system where the main bottlenecks occur:<br />
<ol>
<li>banking</li>
<li>public financial management</li>
<li>auditing</li>
<li>payroll, and</li>
<li>Education Management Information System/Teacher Management System (EMIS/TMS).</li>
</ol>
It also provides examples–from a range of sectors–where actors have addressed one or more of these bottlenecks. The solutions documented vary greatly depending on context, ranging from pooled donor funds to mobile banking to employing the private sector to deliver payments. For example, the report highlights the case of Sierra Leone where an international financial accounting firm was subcontracted to pay teachers. The firm charged a 10 percent service fee but reduced leakages from 42 percent loss under the public sector to 8.5 under the new arrangement.<br />
<br />
Ultimately, the report argues that ensuring an effective teacher compensation system is equally important to increasing the financing for teacher salaries. Given that teacher salaries are often the largest share of any education budget, getting them right is essential for not only the benefit of young people but the health of whole education system.<br />
<br />
This blog was written by <a href="http://www.educationforallblog.org/author/rwinthrop" target="_blank">Rebecca Winthrop</a>.<br />
<br />
The views expressed are her own, and do not necessarily represent the views of CCIC or its members.chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-12601753301612511272013-02-06T14:36:00.000-05:002013-02-07T09:06:18.425-05:00Part: II - Resiliency: what is it? And is it the new solution for long-term development?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHhe-KYSD64dvZYGZ1pmqFRkDOPTuKx3LIaRuES03QnLdSsQhLLru9BigdQfrKYQ-bQDT4KAxOT6_1Jr27Rkd8hfrCNdbNKHjCkOZslm1kqhi0KLSzRxgp0GgiYfpOLKCMPxH2wwoRHu2g/s1600/Fraser+Dec+2011+face.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHhe-KYSD64dvZYGZ1pmqFRkDOPTuKx3LIaRuES03QnLdSsQhLLru9BigdQfrKYQ-bQDT4KAxOT6_1Jr27Rkd8hfrCNdbNKHjCkOZslm1kqhi0KLSzRxgp0GgiYfpOLKCMPxH2wwoRHu2g/s200/Fraser+Dec+2011+face.JPG" width="183" /></a><b><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Part II: So how is resilience any different from traditional sustainable development?</span></b></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">An already challenging
endeavour has become even more complicated in the context of a growing number,
frequency and scale of man-made and natural humanitarian disasters – mass
flooding, famines, slow-onset disasters that are no longer impacting tens or
hundreds of thousands of individuals, but millions within and across countries.
And this is exposing a larger number of already vulnerable individuals to more
risk and shocks.</span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Various presenters at
the workshop (and the subsequent discussion) addressed a range of different
ways in which they have responded to this challenge: <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">preventative
measures (proactive and early analysis of risks; early warning mechanisms; risk
financing mechanisms;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>safety net
programs that anticipate and address chronic food shortages through scheduled
food or cash transfers; early detection of malnutrition through growth
monitoring; strengthening infrastructure; improved natural resource management;
consulting and engaging with groups impacted by disasters to help shape and
develop future responses to potential emergencies; placing more emphasis on
national disaster risk reduction plans; <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">early
responses to shocks (cash and voucher transfers to meet basic needs with
purchases coming from local markets; seeds and tools distribution; local
savings and loan associations that can respond to emergency needs);<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">flexible mechanisms to protect lives and
livelihoods and smooth consumption throughout the year (cash for work programs;
one-off livelihood grants so individuals don’t sell their assets; encouraging
individuals to grow cash and food crops through the cropping cycles); <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">protecting
long term gains (programs to diversify and enhance people’s income sources
through crop diversification, and building long term assets like livestock;
working through local municipal and national governments (both in humanitarian
and development interventions) to strengthen their capacity in disaster
preparedness and management, and longer term change through policy and
legislative change).<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">What we also took from
the workshop is that a first key step in resiliency is bridging the gap between
short term humanitarian interventions and long term development. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">But more importantly,
perhaps, it is about not viewing humanitarian interventions as an isolated
response to an external risk or shock, or even about looking for ways to integrate
emergency preparedness and response into long-term national development
planning (although that is part of it), but rather ensuring that </span><span lang="EN-US">development programs can help communities weather smaller shocks, so
that they don’t evolve into crisis/humanitarian levels</span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">This goes against the one-way
continuum model that we often work with (that “starts” with early response, then
recovery and reconstruction, and “ends” with longer term development) and turns
it into thinking about sustainable development planning that is designed to
better respond to and anticipate a range and cycle of risks and shocks as we
work towards generating long-term change.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Put together, it is a
collective and welcome admission, perhaps, from the whole development community
– donor governments, partner countries, CSOs – that development is messy and
complicated. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">This presents a huge
challenge for us going forward – which is why to date we have all become
experts at identifying the risks, but are still harder pressed to identify the
remedies.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">But it also presents
us with a tremendous opportunity – to change the way we go about “doing
development”. It means changing how we talk about these issues and communicate
with the public about them; how we fundraise; it means breaking down the silos
within our own organizations, and how we plan and program (and with whom) for
longer term change.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Of course, with this
opportunity comes another challenge: donor governments, and sometimes our own
organizations, need to be able to communicate short term measurable results,
and operate within shorter time frames, rather than plan for longer term change.
And each have their own silos and funding mechanisms that aren’t necessarily responsive
to what is required with this new approach. For many, this represents a huge
roadblock to advancing the issue. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">But what encouraged us
at the meeting was, despite this, a number of groups have simply decided to
proceed and take the lead. And what’s even more encouraging, is that where they
have taken the lead, we hope donors will be quick to follow.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><i><span lang="EN-US">This blog was written by Fraser
Reilly-King, Policy Analyst (Aid), CCIC, and Paul Hagerman, C</span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">o-Chair of the FSPG and
Director of Public Policy at the Canadian Foodgrains Bank (CFGB).<o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
<br />
<i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
views expressed are <a href="http://www.blogger.com/null" name="_GoBack"></a>their own, and do not necessarily
represent the views of CCIC CFGB or their members.</span></i>chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-24170001323631870372013-02-01T16:10:00.000-05:002013-02-07T09:12:57.492-05:00Part I: Resiliency: what is it? And is it the new solution for long-term development?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrR0wQVEhNPq-43fobDNPww_rw8CTv514ue5GfaRSZ3XU5Yj_u10h43ZbanP0QqfnS94kLFulIUWlQ_Ok7AmtYZLhMYaWIuYvvft4lc7u9fQTpNhsi_-L5BEoxM9aB-41aPgw1NVbDu5C4/s1600/PH+sept2012c+%282%29.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrR0wQVEhNPq-43fobDNPww_rw8CTv514ue5GfaRSZ3XU5Yj_u10h43ZbanP0QqfnS94kLFulIUWlQ_Ok7AmtYZLhMYaWIuYvvft4lc7u9fQTpNhsi_-L5BEoxM9aB-41aPgw1NVbDu5C4/s200/PH+sept2012c+%282%29.jpg" width="161" /></a></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Part I: What is resiliency<o:p></o:p></span></span></b><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Every now and then the
development community comes up with a new buzz word that sounds like the next
big solution to the challenge of long term sustainable development.</span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">The current one seems
to be resiliency – it was the focus of a panel discussion at Busan’s High Level
Forum on Aid Effectiveness (HLF-4), organized by the </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.ifrc.org/PageFiles/96178/1224500-Road%20to%20resilience-EN-LowRes%20%282%29.pdf"><span lang="EN-CA" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="color: yellow;">Red Cross</span></span></a></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">, and with CIDA President Margaret Biggs, among
others; the recent food crisis in the Sahel (the third in five years) saw the
launch of a new “</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://ec.europa.eu/echo/news/2012/sahel_conference_2012_en.htm"><span lang="EN-CA" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="color: yellow;">Partnership for Resilience</span></span></a></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">”; and project and program proposals are now increasingly
framed as contributing to ‘resilience’.</span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">A key challenge is
that everyone is using the term to describe different things and in doing so, resiliency
risks losing </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.irinnews.org/Report/96549/AID-POLICY-Resisting-the-mantra-of-resilience"><span lang="EN-CA" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="color: yellow;">its utility</span></span></a></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"> as an organizing concept. Better defining what
resiliency is, allows practitioners to more clearly determine what it is good
for, when and why (and what it is not). As one commentator has said, it is just
as useful to include within a definition of resilience things that we </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://politicsofpoverty.oxfamamerica.org/2012/10/19/thoughts-on-resilience-as-organizing-focus/"><span lang="EN-CA" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="color: yellow;">should exclude as resilient</span></span></a></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">We had the opportunity
to get our heads around the issue at a recent workshop on “<a href="http://humanitariancoalition.ca/sites/default/files/event/hc-fspg_jan_9_backgrounder_for_morning_session.pdf" style="color: yellow;" target="_blank">Linking Short Term and Long Term Food Security: Humanitarian and Development Perspectives</a>”,
organized by the Canadian Food Security Policy Group (FSPG) and the
Humanitarian Coalition. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">At the meeting, a
number of the bigger Canadian development NGOs presented a series of case
studies. These were based on where groups have tried, both successfully and not
so successfully, to integrate short-term and long term approaches to food
security into their programming with a view to building the resiliency of very
vulnerable households – particularly in parts of the world that are suffering
from chronic food insecurity and child undernutrition. Here is what we got from
the meeting (and from a little extra side reading):<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">What is resilience? <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">As understood at </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.aideffectiveness.org/busanhlf4/"><span lang="EN-CA" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="color: yellow;">HLF-4</span></span></a></span><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">, it is about “ensur[ing] that development [and
humanitarian] strategies prioritise building resilience among people and
societies at risk from shocks. [...] Investing in resilience and risk reduction
increases the value and sustainability of our development efforts.” (Busan
Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation, Para. <a href="http://www.aideffectiveness.org/busanhlf4/images/stories/hlf4/OUTCOME_DOCUMENT_-_FINAL_EN.pdf"><span style="color: yellow;">27</span></a>)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Drawing from various
thinkers on this (see links above, and remember there is no commonly agreed
definition), it is about shock and risk management, mitigation and ‘building
back better’. It is about anticipating, preventing, learning from and adapting
to these shocks. It is about ensuring that vulnerable individuals’ and
communities’ capabilities (such as health and education) and assets aren’t
depleted as a result of these shocks, and that in fact their lives and
livelihoods are getting better not worse. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">In practice, for
climate groups it is about better integrating climate adaptation into
development programming; for humanitarian groups it is about emergency
preparedness and early response, and disaster risk reduction (although it is
arguably a longer term “development” issue); and for the Canadian Food Security
Policy Group, it is in large part about how to support better transitions
between emergency and long term approaches to food security.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ultimately, what I
took from the workshop (and the approach of these different groups) is that
resiliency is another way of talking about long-term sustainable change and
equity. It means taking a more holistic approach to development—one firmly
grounded in improving the lives of the most vulnerable households and
communities in the developing world. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><i><span lang="EN-US">This blog was written by Fraser
Reilly-King, Policy Analyst (Aid), CCIC, and Paul Hagerman, C</span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">o-Chair of the FSPG and
Director of Public Policy at the Canadian Foodgrains Bank (CFGB).<o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><i><span lang="EN-US">The views expressed are their own, and
do not necessarily represent the views of CCIC CFGB or their members.</span></i><span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-65309887317497198662013-01-25T10:16:00.002-05:002013-01-25T10:16:53.868-05:00Strength in numbers: some provisional metrics for the sector<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNWR1vNPWAftq7vWMXMzCa5t_L3KXp2g0tlwLPd8IXkYt-j0C1-pVhNzYOv1-bpNEnJhndyvYJGiszHKRDzRoKroYAcFvrGJ3ap9v_b0mI1Ag7vjRslzyKQ-YmcL8uGpD2dFsKJxof84hF/s1600/Viegas-UserActivityonWikipedia.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNWR1vNPWAftq7vWMXMzCa5t_L3KXp2g0tlwLPd8IXkYt-j0C1-pVhNzYOv1-bpNEnJhndyvYJGiszHKRDzRoKroYAcFvrGJ3ap9v_b0mI1Ag7vjRslzyKQ-YmcL8uGpD2dFsKJxof84hF/s320/Viegas-UserActivityonWikipedia.gif" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Visualization created by IBM of Wikipedia edits. (Photo: Viegas)</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Rumour has it that 2013 is the <a href="http://www.statistics2013.org/" target="_blank">international year of statistics</a> (and quinoa and water cooperation, but we have less to say about that).<br /><br />
Given the globe’s current obsession with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_data" target="_blank">big data</a> (Wikipedia: a collection of data sets that are so big and complex they are difficult to process) and open data (often associated with big data released by governments) it seems an appropriate choice of year. <br />
<br />Big, open data is exciting a lot of people. Since information is power, handing over giga-bytes of information to people to mash up, manipulate and analyze, feels quite empowering. It popularizes the capacity of people to generate their own original data and evidence, and use it to shape policy. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />But frankly, given all the hype, we have to admit we are kind of disappointed. <br />
<br />We were expecting all of this big data to tell us a lot more about what we actually wanted to know (and to get government to do more of what we wanted them to).<br />
<br />Over the past eight months, CCIC has been dabbling with some big data (<a href="http://www.charityfocus.ca/EN/Pages/Home.aspx" target="_blank">Canada Revenue Agency data </a>sets on Canada’s 80,000 plus charitable organizations and <a href="http://www.acdi-cida.gc.ca/acdi-cida/acdi-cida.nsf/eng/CAR-616135752-P3Q" target="_blank">CIDA’s historical data sets</a> ) to generate some metrics (a fancy word for “useful numbers”) for the international development sector. <br />
<br />For example, how many organizations are there in Canada working on international development? How much money collectively are they generating from the Federal and Provincial government, and private individuals? How many individuals do these groups employ? And where are these groups working and on what?<br />
<br />It seemed a simple enough task.<br />
<br />We couldn’t have been more wrong.<br />
<br />What they don’t tell you about big data (“data sets that are so big and complex…”) is that they are, in fact, really big and complex (you’ll need a super-advanced database programmer and a Post-Doc statistician on your team). And despite the size and complexity, the data is limited, of course, to the ‘interests’ of whoever produced it. So the data can maybe tell you answers to really big and complex issues, but not necessarily the questions you want answers to. ‘What can the data tell us?’ is perhaps the only reliable question.<br />
<br />(As an aside, Development Initiatives in the UK is trying to develop some reliable and robust aggregate data for private giving for development across all OECD countries. They have met with similar challenges in the data they have tried to generate. And conversations they have had with other national platforms trying to develop their own metrics to feed into this project have echoed many of the challenges we outline here. Comfort in numbers!)<br />
<br />Case in point: all of the above questions. <br />
<br />How many organizations work on international development? Using in part the CIDA data set, we came up with a figure of approximately 865 organizations. This is already only a part answer – since it’s only the organizations which get funding from CIDA. The further challenge here was figuring out who we wanted to count and how we would go about counting them. In the end, we established a definition for the sector that included members of CCIC and members of the Provincial and Regional Councils from the past five years (minus overlap) and who had received funding from CIDA as civil society over the past five years (minus any consortia of groups). And in doing so, we also came up with our own new (albeit small) set of data. It likely generates a close, but still approximate, number, since some of the organizations we included may have dissolved since then, or the definition we developed to catch the field of actors may still not be broad enough – for example, we may still need to include organizations who have only gotten provincial funding but may not be members of any Council. Filling some of these gaps will be part of our next step.<br />
<br />How much Federal, Provincial and private money are they generating? From the CRA figures, in 2010, we can generate some very preliminary and approximate estimates: the total aggregrate revenue that organizations generate is about $2.6 billion, of which approximately $450,000 from the Federal Government, $350,000 from CIDA, $180,000 from the Provinces, $175,000 from private foundations and $1 billion from individuals, among other sources. And this is where things get really tricky (and even more approximate). <br />
<br />While the CRA (and the T3010 information they provide) is a mine of information, it is of course only good for registered charities. If we compare the number of organizations defined above, only 430 of them are Federally Registered. Furthermore, of those that are Federally registered, the numbers include 55 Universities and Colleges, whom have got contracts to do various development work, but including their (for example for revenue and employees) completely skews the broader results. The Red Cross and YMCA-YWCA similarly do a lot of development work but also have large domestic programs. And then what about the other 435 organizations that aren’t captured (because they are only registered provincially, are housed within another organization, or simply don’t need to issue charitable receipts?). A second phase of work will help refine these unwieldy figures.<br />
<br />And how many individuals do these organizations employ? Again, we think around 8,000; but some of the same reservations we have identified above also apply here. Equally in terms of where groups work and on what, the CIDA data sets can tell us a lot of information (which, nostra culpa, we still have to extract), but only for those organizations that get CIDA funding. It is a subset, albeit a large one, but of a bigger pie.<br />Looking forward, CCIC plans to work in collaboration with the Provincial and Regional Councils to fill some of these gaps and get a more comprehensive picture of the sector – check your inboxes soon for a short, but extremely important, survey.<br />
<br />The results to date have been encouraging (albeit generating more questions than answers). But the findings are clearly extremely important. More and more individuals and organizations are asking us for this data. And we are already <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/media/2012_12_CCIC_oped_Canada%27s_NGOs_aren%27t_looking_for_charity.pdf" target="_blank">getting to use some of it</a>.<br />
<br />What better project for the international year of statistics!<br />
<br /><i>This blog was written by Fraser Reilly-King, Policy Analyst (Aid), CCIC, and Al Webb, Volunteer and consultant. The views expressed are their own, and do not necessarily represent the views of CCIC or its members.</i><br /><br /><br />Fraser Reilly-Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17880022654308483181noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-10698163553988447132013-01-11T11:32:00.001-05:002013-01-11T11:33:42.166-05:00Just how are donors engaging with the private sector, and what does this mean for development?<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxkRDYr3R4q0QGGR9jv8RcrgvyjU25xb5zft2caJFBXvwIkIa6MLBkZ3QHFknEogeB6-IVLBzuEJWvuvwVDyeAwr7AzKwkmDHCbLl5qeI7DXaFYNHPjSs7a00ILsoHpevbc9DgcpzJ6H0p/s1600/logobusan%255B1%255D.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxkRDYr3R4q0QGGR9jv8RcrgvyjU25xb5zft2caJFBXvwIkIa6MLBkZ3QHFknEogeB6-IVLBzuEJWvuvwVDyeAwr7AzKwkmDHCbLl5qeI7DXaFYNHPjSs7a00ILsoHpevbc9DgcpzJ6H0p/s1600/logobusan%255B1%255D.jpg" /></a>Just over a year ago, the private sector was crowned the new silver bullet for development. <br />
<br />
In the years and months preceding <a href="http://www.aideffectiveness.org/busanhlf4/" target="_blank">Busan’s Fourth High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness</a> (HLF-4), members of the OECD’s Development Assistance Committee (OECD-DAC)—the forum through which donor countries coordinate their aid efforts—had renewed their interest in economic growth and the private sector as driving forces behind development.<br />
<br />
The culmination of this focus came at HLF-4, where bilateral donors envisaged a number of <a href="http://www.aideffectiveness.org/busanhlf4/images/stories/hlf4/OUTCOME_DOCUMENT_-_FINAL_EN.pdf" target="_blank">potential roles for the private sector to play</a>: as a funder and innovative source of finance for shared development goals and challenges; as an implementing partner; as a source of public and private income generation and job creation; and as a key constituency to engage in the creation of national development strategies that support an enabling environment for the private sector and, in turn, growth.<br />
<br />
Despite this emerging fascination, donor policies for promoting economic growth and the private sector have received very little comparative analysis. <br />
<br />
So a year ago, in collaboration with Shannon Kindornay from <a href="http://www.nsi-ins.ca/" target="_blank">The North-South Institute</a>, we began a process to address this gap by mapping and assessing bilateral donor strategies on the private sector and economic growth. The objective was to identify emerging themes in donor policies by comparing and contrasting different elements of their strategies.<br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0od7Zdmw1jLQv28lNnSZIIesVwIsP8as8q3doSRHes8G0R5UuwD9-QmBHNI3nvzk6dj8f2h5-3fKyuPxKYIlLRP7j_oPtWDEB8agSxuMjYIkUSpl-7vCw1X4L0sOqExAkkrVKl_UYqeOx/s1600/PS+Report+Cover+medium.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0od7Zdmw1jLQv28lNnSZIIesVwIsP8as8q3doSRHes8G0R5UuwD9-QmBHNI3nvzk6dj8f2h5-3fKyuPxKYIlLRP7j_oPtWDEB8agSxuMjYIkUSpl-7vCw1X4L0sOqExAkkrVKl_UYqeOx/s320/PS+Report+Cover+medium.jpg" width="247" /></a>The final report, “<a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2013-01-11_The%20Business_of_Development.pdf" target="_blank">Investing in the Business of Development – Bilateral donor approaches to engaging the private sector</a>” – whose official launch is next week - captures a range of findings relative to the visions and assumptions of donors’ strategies; where the state, private sector actors, and other development actors fit into these visions; and how donors take account in their strategies of development and financial additionality, international aid and development commitments, and cross-cutting issues such as sustainability, gender, and human rights, and principles relating to aid effectiveness. <br />
<br />
Each issue might command a blog of its own – <a href="http://cidpnsi.ca/blog/" target="_blank">Shannon’s </a>provides a good overview of some of the donor’s assumptions and the implications of this. <br />
<br />
This blog focuses on an element of our research findings that I think helped clarify my own thinking around (and perhaps adds some value by giving shape to) the current debates around aid, development and the private sector. <br />
<br />
For me, to date, the debates have been confusing because the private sector means very different things to very different people. But it has also become confusing because the ways donors are engaging with the private sector are very wide-ranging, yet both proponents and critics of this approach tend to bundle any type of engagement with the private sector into one big pool, missing the different layers of engagement and its implications for different development actors.<br />
<br />
What the research has done is create a sort of “typology” in terms of this private sector engagement. <br />
<br />
Firstly, it clearly and consistently distinguishes between three types of private sector (national [donor], foreign [multinational], and domestic [recipient country]). Perhaps not broad ranging enough for some, but a start.<br />
<br />
Secondly, it organizes donor engagement into two distinct tracks: promoting private sector development and partnering with the private sector to achieve broader development outcomes. <br />
<br />
The promotion angle is the more traditional one: creating the right legal and regulatory environment for the private sector (as much national and foreign as domestic) to flourish and helping markets work better. The thinking is that a thriving private sector contributes to growth, which in turn contributes to poverty reduction. <br />
<br />
The partner approach is more recent one that has emerged to help make effective use of declining aid resources, leverage alternative sources of development financing, and identify innovative private sector-managed solutions to development challenges, including the provision of goods and services to poorer populations (bottom of the pyramid approaches, for example). <br />
<br />
These approaches are not mutually exclusive. <br />
<br />
But joint international statements by donor countries and new funding arrangements being developed at the donor level indicate that there is an increasing emphasis on this partnership approach. <br />
<br />
To further distill the promotion and partnership approach, and building on <a href="http://www.gsdrc.org/go/display&type=Document&id=3632" target="_blank">previous NSI research</a>, this report identifies three different levels in which donors are doing this: at the Macro level (by creating an enabling environment for business), at the Meso level (making markets work) and at the Micro level (investing in businesses and people). <br />
<br />
And at each of these levels, donors are using a range of different tools and modalities for engaging different private sectors – national, foreign and domestic.<br />
<br />
So what does this mean for development, poverty reduction and inequality? And what needs to be done to ensure that whatever it means, it does more for poverty than less? <br />
<br />
I may have to save that for another day (and another 800 words). <br />
<br />
Or you could beat me to the punch and read <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2013-01-11_The%20Business_of_Development.pdf" target="_blank">the full report</a> (all 92 pages; 52 if you want to skip endnotes and annexes!), draw your own conclusions in your own blog (let us know- freillyking[a]ccic.ca) - or cheat and just read the <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2013-01-11_The_Business_of_Development_Exec_Summ.pdf" target="_blank">Coles Notes</a>! <br />
<br />
<em>This blog was written by Fraser Reilly-King, Policy Analyst (Aid), CCIC. The views expressed are his own, and do not necessarily represent the views of CCIC or its members.</em>Fraser Reilly-Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17880022654308483181noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-87742931776398352522012-12-17T09:37:00.000-05:002012-12-17T09:37:15.555-05:00One year on (PART 2): Come together (Post-2015) – The Global Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Days before civil society came together in Nairobi to launch the CSO
Partnership for Development Effectiveness (CPDE), the Global Partnership for
Effective Development Cooperation (GPEDC) had a meeting of its own in London on
5-6 December – bringing together the members of the GPEDC Steering Committee in
their first face-to-face meeting. The representatives – including civil society
– met to </span><a href="http://www.cso-effectiveness.org/IMG/pdf/draft_agenda_--_global_partnership_steering_committee_5-6dec2012_draft_20nov12_.pdf"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: Calibri;">discuss
four things</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">: the substantive priorities for the Global Partnership, in
particular as they relate to the Post-2015 agenda; plans for the first
Ministerial meeting of the Global Partnership in 2013; updates on the
monitoring framework, indicators and targets; and the communications and
outreach plan for the GPEDC.</span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Not surprisingly, discussion of a CSO Co-Chair, of a second CSO
seat, and of a seat for the trade unions (outside of the CSO seat) and local
government was completely shot down. This issue, among others, was a sore point
for civil society in June, and caused us </span><a href="http://ccic-ccci.blogspot.ca/2012/07/this-was-wake-up-not-walk-out-to-global.html"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: Calibri;">to
take a step back from the process</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">. Instead the decision to expand has now
been left to the Ministers at the first Ministerial – like that is ever going
to happen! But despite this major setback, there does seem to be greater
efforts to accommodate all the members of the Steering Committee, and so for
now, civil society has decided to remain engaged. </span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">But back to the meeting.</span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">In terms of </span><a href="http://www.cso-effectiveness.org/IMG/pdf/doc1_discussion_paper_-_post-busan_post-2015_nexus_20nov12_.pdf"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: Calibri;">synergies
with the Post-2015 agenda</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">, the joint OECD-UNDP secretariat and some members
of the Steering Committee are trying to situate the GPEDC within the work of
the </span><a href="http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/Press%20release_post-2015panel.pdf"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: Calibri;">High-Level
Panel on the Post-2015 Agenda</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> (HLP) and to carve out a niche for themselves
as a successor to </span><a href="http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/mdgoverview/mdg_goals/mdg8/"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: Calibri;">MDG
8</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> and the global partnership for development. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The connection makes some sense and the links
won’t be hard to make. British Prime Minister David Cameron is an HLP Co-Chair and
British Development Minister Justine Greening is one of the Steering Committee Co-Chairs;
the other two GPEDC Co-Chairs, Indonesian National Development Armida
Alisjahbana and Nigeria</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">n Finance Minister Ngozi
Okonjo-Iweala, are also either represented on the Panel (Indonesian President <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono is also an HLP
Co-Chair) or are</span> HLP members.</span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">In terms of merging the post-2015 process with the agenda of the
Busan Partnership for Development Effectiveness (BPd), the secretariat has also
made some clear linkages. It draws on a number of elements: the role of the
private sector and private flows; the opportunities for knowledge sharing and
peer learning in South-South Cooperation; the multi-stakeholder nature of the
Partnership in terms of engaging civil society, local, municipal and regional
governments, as well as parliamentarians; the “Beyond Aid” focus of the BPd. </span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">In practice, going forward the Steering Committee envisages four work
streams leading up to the first GPEDC Ministerial meeting (provisionally set
for October). Under the broad umbrella of “What’s changed since Busan,” these
include the following: the post-2015 linkages; domestic resource mobilization,
including tax evasion, linked to country financing and </span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/null" name="_GoBack"></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">discussions
around global financing for development; the role of the private sector and its
ability to leverage aid resources; inclusive development, including a focus on
democratic ownership, rights based approaches, gender equality and decent work;
and, knowledge sharing and peer learning, as an effort to more readily engage
emerging economies.</span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">What remains unclear as the Steering Committee looks to identify
synergies between its role and this work, is how this complements – and doesn’t
undermine or displace – existing fora, including the HLP, the UN Development
Cooperation Forum, the UN Financing for Development process, regional
initiatives and the work of the G-20. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For
some governments, the GPEDC has yet to establish its legitimacy and credibility
(since Busan, India, China and Brazil have remained on the periphery), in
particular as it relates to more inclusive and universal fora like the UN. But
given the concrete space and voice that civil society has defined for itself
within the Steering Committee of the GPEDC, the GPEDC may have some added-value
in terms of influencing potential.</span></span></div>
<br />
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Regardless of where you sit, the GPEDC clearly envisages itself as a
key player and fora for these discussions and any post-2015 framework, and the
intent is to showcase this at </span><a href="http://www.cso-effectiveness.org/IMG/pdf/doc2_draft_roadmap_to_a_first_gp_ministerial_20nov2012_.pdf"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: Calibri;">the
First Ministerial</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">. These Ministerials need to maintain political momentum
in the process. Beyond profiling the outcomes of these workstreams, and
highlighting synergies with other existing for a, the Ministerials will also
need to profile data and evidence gathered that demonstrates progress on the
global indicators and Busan commitments. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Again how the secretariat and Steering
Committee plan to do this is also unclear. In the </span><a href="http://www.cso-effectiveness.org/IMG/pdf/doc3_update_on_global_monitoring_framework_20nov2012_.pdf"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: Calibri;">paper
on the monitoring framework</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> that was prepared for the meeting, only five of
the ten global indicators have been finalized, with varying degrees of progress
on the other five. Most are not expected to be concluded until March. This
leaves barely six months to generate the data and evidence required to feed
into the Ministerials. </span></span><br />
<br />
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">This will be challenging since the secretariat is still developing
operational guidance to enable countries to implement the various
methodologies, many of the indicators will still need to be test-piloted, and
data gathering at the country level in many cases still requires substantial
support. Although some of the indicators may have developed some evidence by
then, what may be more feasible – although not necessarily desirable, given the
criticism CSOs have placed on the indicators – is establishing how these
indicators could complement or inform the future accountability framework that
is expected to accompany the post-2015 framework.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Finally, the GPEDC secretariat is also developing a </span><a href="http://www.cso-effectiveness.org/IMG/pdf/doc4_communications_and_stakeholder_engagement_strategy_note_20nov2012_.pdf"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: Calibri;">communications
and engagement strategy</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> for the Partnership. This includes creating a
visible brand around the GPEDC; a multi-lingual web site of key information,
publications newsletters and opinion pieces; a web-based knowledge platform;
and live web streaming and an archive of past meetings – key to promoting the
transparency and accountability of the Partnership to its various
constituencies.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2013 will be an important year for the Global Partnership. Will it
come together?</span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></span></i></div>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">This
blog was written by Fraser Reilly-King, Policy Analyst (Aid), CCIC. The views
expressed are his own, and do not necessarily represent the views of CCIC or
its members.</span></i>chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-52498013598636650222012-12-13T09:17:00.001-05:002012-12-13T09:17:20.654-05:00One year on (PART 1): Come together – The Pamoja/Nairobi Declaration for Development Effectiveness<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfSuuIth9XZWoiSxNFBLcuLgQVjqdDlO3_VwcEJO0XWOEA__EGSFR8l1m2pOE2GDJvKzQsvr3d9Umz6pHkMoeVNKWYIPGwURyisYDeZ6zSSCbz8z1P3dMTICn1xI_xfP9RLSOp8x4rtkLJ/s1600/Nairobi+meeting.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="169" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfSuuIth9XZWoiSxNFBLcuLgQVjqdDlO3_VwcEJO0XWOEA__EGSFR8l1m2pOE2GDJvKzQsvr3d9Umz6pHkMoeVNKWYIPGwURyisYDeZ6zSSCbz8z1P3dMTICn1xI_xfP9RLSOp8x4rtkLJ/s320/Nairobi+meeting.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">It has been just over </span><a href="http://ccic-ccci.blogspot.com/2011_11_01_archive.html"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: Calibri;">a year since the
Fourth High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> (HLF-4) concluded in Busan, South
Korea, and I find myself in another country, and on another continent. This
past weekend, around 50 representatives from around the world and from the
rural, faith based, feminist sectors and international civil society
organizations (CSOs) met on the outskirts of Nairobi, Kenya. We met to plan our
future engagement around the Global Partnership for Effective Development
Cooperation (GPEDC) and our work at the regional and national level, and to
potentially launch a new collective CSO Platform for Development Effectiveness</span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/null" name="_GoBack"></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> (CPDE). But coming together has not been so easy. And as
incredible as it sounds, it has taken a year to get to this point, building
immediate consensus with around 500 people and generating 20 drafts of the CPDE
founding document!</span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">On December 2, 2011, </span><a href="http://ccic-ccci.blogspot.com/2011/12/happy-ending-in-busan-take-one.html"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: Calibri;">the
day after HLF-4</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">, BetterAid and the Open Forum for CSO Development
Effectiveness met to discuss our post-Busan agenda. With a set of global
standards in place, including the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Istanbul
Principles for CSO Development Effectiveness</i>, everyone knew that any new
structure needed to evoke the spirit of Busan, “Country Heavy, Global Light”,
and to get down to the nitty-gritty of implementation. In practice, this meant
that more energy and resources needed to be filtered down to the national and
regional levels, to build the capacity of national CSOs to monitor and engage
with national development plans and the Busan commitments, to coordinate at a
regional level, to promote minimum standards around the enabling environment,
and to begin implementing the Istanbul Principles. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At a global level, this meant developing a
light global structure that would engage with the new GPEDC, continue to press
our </span><a href="http://www.cso-effectiveness.org/IMG/pdf/cso_asks_final_.pdf"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: Calibri;">CSO
Key Asks on the Road to Busan</span></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">, and hold governments to account for their
commitments. </span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span lang="EN-US">But over the past four years, hundreds of organizations and
constituencies have invested huge amounts of time, energy and identity into BetterAid
and the Open Forum. While this work, and what we have accomplished, can’t ever
been taken away, closing the doors on two organizations still seems quite final.
It feels like we are ending two chapters before we know the conclusion of each
story. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The past four years has also
pitted egos, priorities and competing interests – and sometimes platforms – against
one another. In the lead-up to Busan, the two platforms had held it together,
but we still needed to come together. Nairobi, therefore, was an important
conclusion to the often heated discussions of the last year and an effort at,
as they say in Swahili, “pamoja” or “togetherness”. </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The Pamoja
Declaration does this. It unites our collective vision, mission, principles and
goals going forward (as well as key decisions reached), and finally launched
the new CSO Platform for Development Effectiveness. </span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 112%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">And so
what does this entail? The Declaration itself can tell the story:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 112%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">“<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Our Vision</b><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 112%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">We
envisage a world where respect for human rights, participatory democracy,
social and environmental justice and sustainability, gender equality and
equity, and decent work and sustainable change are achieved.</span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 112%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Our Mission<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 112%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">To promote
development effectiveness in all areas of work, both our own and the work of
others, including through active engagement with the GPEDC, we will be guided
by a human rights based approach.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 112%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">In order
to develop a strong basis for CSO participation in the creation and realization
of our vision, mission and goals for development, the CPDE will work with a
strong focus to support country, sub-regional and regional, and sectoral civil
society, combining this with the coordinated regional and global work on
development effectiveness. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 112%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">To achieve
this vision, we need to also address exclusion, oppression and removing
structures of power that perpetuate injustice.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 112%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Therefore,
we are committed to social justice approaches and mechanisms, to challenge
unequal power structures, especially for women (such as by working towards a
feminist approach), in order to achieve emancipation of excluded communities
and people.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: JA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">“Our Goals</span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: JA;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"></span></span></b> </div>
<h3 style="line-height: 112%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">To realize our shared vision, we commit to
work together in partnership on a global-scale in relation to development
effectiveness and the </span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: EN-CA;">GPEDC</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> to achieve the following goals:</span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-weight: normal; line-height: 112%; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></h3>
<br />
<ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 112%; margin: auto auto 0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">to pursue and advocate for a
transformative agenda for development and development cooperation,
informed by our guiding principles and a human rights-based approach to
development that prioritizes gender equality, decent work, and environmental
sustainability, as well as dignity, justice and improved livelihoods for
all people living in poverty, including the most marginalized, victims of
violence, and those with disabilities, and the full realization of human
rights for all;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 112%; margin: auto auto 0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">to protect and deepen policy
gains made in Paris, Accra and Busan, and reverse any of the harmful
provisions that continue to guide those three agendas;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 112%; margin: auto auto 0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">to continue to </span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: EN-CA;">advocate for</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
development effectiveness in</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-language: EN-CA;"> development cooperation</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
policy and practice, in particular as it relates to the accountability of
governments to the broader development effectiveness agenda, the Internationally
Agreed Development Goals and to people;<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 112%; margin: auto auto 0pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">to continuously work to improve
our own effectiveness and the realization of an enabling environment for
civil society as independent development actors in our own right.</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 112%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">These
goals are informed by our <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">CSO Key Asks on
the Road to Busan</i>, including those raised ahead of Busan by women’s
organizations, the trade unions, and faith-based organizations; the <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="http://www.ccic.ca/IP-case-studies.php"><span style="color: yellow;">Istanbul
Principles</span></a></span> </span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">and Siem
Reap International Framework; and prior assessments of the Paris, Accra and
Busan commitments.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 112%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">It is a
tall order. But then civil society has never been short on ambition. </span><span lang="EN-US">We now need to focus on putting this into action, and perhaps above
all, to truly coming together.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">This blog was written by
Fraser Reilly-King, Policy Analyst (Aid), CCIC. The views expressed are his
own, and do not necessarily represent the views of CCIC or its members.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-35401980124693367322012-11-22T11:24:00.002-05:002012-11-22T11:24:45.847-05:00The MDGs post-2015: why we should do less<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVZYN8gupoNNmUp1LLO_7ApvsEFi57DknBIeypmmsKjAkf4MRTouGZDcb1G3mAJR0KazkC-YaRl7XKJCFF3XCEp06QZMqdIhCiSUgVQfc80jaK1mXE1i0OX0DDwZTlNM1kA4-AEn1WY4hP/s1600/2015.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="211" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVZYN8gupoNNmUp1LLO_7ApvsEFi57DknBIeypmmsKjAkf4MRTouGZDcb1G3mAJR0KazkC-YaRl7XKJCFF3XCEp06QZMqdIhCiSUgVQfc80jaK1mXE1i0OX0DDwZTlNM1kA4-AEn1WY4hP/s320/2015.jpg" width="320" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVZYN8gupoNNmUp1LLO_7ApvsEFi57DknBIeypmmsKjAkf4MRTouGZDcb1G3mAJR0KazkC-YaRl7XKJCFF3XCEp06QZMqdIhCiSUgVQfc80jaK1mXE1i0OX0DDwZTlNM1kA4-AEn1WY4hP/s1600/2015.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><span lang="EN-AU">Three years out from
the 2015 deadline for the MDGs, and debate on “what next” is already reaching
fever pitch. Proposals for a post-2015 version of the MDGs are coming from an
increasingly crowded field that includes individual experts and academics,
think tanks and research institutes, NGOs and civil society groups. </span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU">The Centre for International
Governance Innovation, for instance, suggests eleven potential <a href="http://www.cigionline.org/publications/2012/10/post-2015-development-agenda-goals-targets-and-indicators"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="color: yellow;">goals,</span>
</span><span style="color: yellow;">targets and indicators</span></a>, including in areas such as ensuring freedom from
violence and sustainable management of the biosphere. The <a href="http://www.cgdev.org/content/publications/detail/1426271"><span style="color: yellow;">Center for
Global Development</span></a> (CGD) also identifies possible goals, targets and time
frames, and even goes so far as to incorporate these into suggested draft
language for an updated Millennium Declaration. Oxfam has also released a <a href="http://www.oxfamblogs.org/fp2p/?p=12299"><span style="color: yellow;">draft paper</span></a> on how a
post-2015 agreement can drive “real change”.</span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU"></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU">These and other proposals
amount to a substantial body of thinking that means there is already no
shortage of options for the post-MDG framework. But what does it mean for what
we should do next in the lead up to 2015? The best that organisations like
CIGI, CGD and Oxfam can do, as well as the rest of us who are based in
developed countries, is to take a deep breath - and then do less. </span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU"></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU">Adopting a “do nothing
for now” approach at the precise moment when debate is hotting up on the
post-2015 framework might be anathema to those of us who are deeply invested in
development thinking and action, and in ensuring the next version of the MDGs
is better than the first. It might, however, be just what developing countries need
right now: the rest of us out of the way, and the time and space to stake their
own claim on the post-2015 agenda. </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU"></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU">Here’s why. The large
majority of proposals on the next MDGs are put forward by people and
institutions based in developed countries. So far, thinking and proposals that
emanate from developing countries, and that reflect the interests and priorities
of people in these countries, are getting relatively limited traction in policy
debates and discussions. </span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU"></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU">That’s not to say they
don’t exist. Ernest Areetey (Vice Chancellor of the University of Ghana) and
Charles Abugre (Africa Regional Director of the UN Millennium Campaign) both
recently shared their thinking on the post 2015 framework (<a href="http://www.unicef-irc.org/research-watch/Post-2015--What-Next-/907/"><span style="color: yellow;">here</span></a>
and <a href="http://www.unicef-irc.org/research-watch/Post-2015--What-Next-/902/"><span style="color: yellow;">here</span></a>).
Abugre argues for a model aimed at the global community that addresses systemic
threats to equitable and sustainable development, and that is based on the
principle of “common but differentiated needs and responsibilities” that (amongst
other things) would be applied to address the global financial, food and energy
systems. </span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU"></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU">The UN Economic
Commission for Africa <a href="http://new.uneca.org/ArticleDetail/tabid/3018/ArticleId/1621/Africa-ready-for-post-2015-development-agenda-MDG-report.aspx"><span style="color: yellow;">is
also taking a role</span></a> in articulating that continent’s perspectives on the
post-2015 agenda. Drawing on studies and consultations with member countries
and other stakeholders, it proposes a model that would adapt the existing MDGs,
while maintaining a balance between development outcomes and enablers, the
latter including aspects such as good governance, human rights for all, and a credible
participatory process. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU"></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU">These are just a sample
of what developing country thinkers and stakeholders are saying on the post-2015
framework. So far, however, it’s the “noisier” proposals coming out of North
America and Europe, mostly from usual suspects like CGD and the Overseas
Development Institute, which are dominating debates on what happens next. Many
of the organisations making these proposals are falling over each other to mark
out their territory on the post-2015 policy agenda. To do so, they are trading
on notions of their superior intellectual heft, as well as leveraging their
greater resources and their privileged access to the powerful: to rich country
governments, official development institutions, and the UN system.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span lang="EN-AU">And who
can blame them? Everybody wants their proposal to be the one that makes a
difference. Otherwise, what’s the point of putting it forward in the first
place? What this means, though, is that </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">in the
rush to prepare for 2015 we are at risk of making exactly the same mistake that
was made the first time around with the MDGs. On that occasion, people in
developing countries had woefully inadequate engagement in the process of
designing the MDGs. If proposals emanating from developed countries continue to
dominate policy dialogue on the post-2015 model, many people will see the
outcome in the same way that they now see the MDGs: as something that was “</span><span lang="EN-AU"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/2012/oct/24/un-panel-development-goals-ambitious-timetable"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: yellow;">concocted
by the elite</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">”, that has little relevance for them,
and that they have little ownership over.</span><span lang="EN-AU"> </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Fortunately,
the UN appears to have recognised that it’s essential that the post-2015 framework
should take developing country priorities and perspectives into account. UNDG
is set to conduct </span><span lang="EN-AU"><a href="http://www.undg.org/index.cfm?P=1627"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: yellow;">consultations</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
in 50 countries, and there could be more if, as has been suggested, the number
of countries is increased. UN specialized agencies will also canvas opinion on
9 thematic areas, including on topics not currently covered by the MDGs such as
inequality, growth and employment, and population dynamics. </span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Then there
is the question of how the consultations will be conducted, and with whom. As a
</span><span lang="EN-AU"><a href="http://www.one.org/international/blog/it%E2%80%99s-time-to-ask-the-world%E2%80%99s-poor-what-they-really-want/"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: yellow;">ONE report</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">
recently suggests, “notwithstanding [the UN’s] impressive program of
consultation, there is a real risk that the most critical voices will be
largely missing – <i>the world’s poorest citizens”. </i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">To its credit, </span>UNDG seems to be aware of this possibility, and
has developed </span><span lang="EN-AU"><a href="http://www.undg.org/docs/12532/POST%202015%20-%20ENGLISH%20-%20July%2008.pdf"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: yellow;">comprehensive
guidelines</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> for undertaking the country dialogues, “to
ensure the </span><span lang="EN-AU">post-2015 debate is informed by inputs and
ideas from a broad base of civil society, marginalized groups, and others
previously left out of discussions on development priorities”. </span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">But irrespective of how well the consultations are conducted, the UN remains
an outside actor intervening within countries to <i>extract</i> information. As
a result, the consultations run the risk of being seen as a yet one more externally-driven
process, designed and undertaken not by local actors within each country, but
under the auspices of the UN, and contrived within an unrealistic time frame: </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">the
country consultations will be completed by March 2013, and thematic
consultations by June 2013, so that they can feed into the next major UN
meeting on the MDGs in September 2013. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">It’s not surprising, then, that there are alternative suggestions for generating
developing country engagement with, and ownership over the process. In his </span><span lang="EN-AU"><a href="http://www.beyond2015.org/sites/default/files/Wisor_AfterMDGs.pdf"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: yellow;">paper</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">, the Australian
National University’s Scott Wisor suggests deliberative (rather than
extractive) approaches that would </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">complement the UN and other consultations.
These could take the form of <span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">citizen
assemblies, in which participants would have the opportunity not just to speak,
but also to “be heard, listen, reflect, negotiate, analyze and decide” </span>on
issues. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-AU">The </span><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">IDS project “</span><span lang="EN-AU"><a href="http://www.ids.ac.uk/project/participate-knowledge-from-the-margins-for-post-2015"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: yellow;">Participate: knowledge from the margins</span></span></a></span><span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">” focuses on participatory methodologies, and aims
to engage the most vulnerable and marginalised groups. ONE proposes a “What the
World Wants Poll” to canvas opinion in both developed and developing countries.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">These suggestions
on <i>process</i> remind us that existing proposals for the format of the post-2015
framework are putting the cart before the horse: in identifying new goals and
targets, they are pre-empting the information gathering and consultation
processes that should inform what the final framework will look like. The
problem, though, is that the suggestions on process are also coming from
individuals or organisations located in developed countries. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-AU">And together, they add
to the increasingly cluttered array of options on the post-2015 MDG agenda, one
in which developed countries are over-represented. </span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU"></span><br />
<span lang="EN-AU">That’s why now is the
right time for practitioners and analysts in developed countries to take a step
back, and to make room for people in developing countries to advance their own
thinking on a post-2015 framework.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>That
doesn’t mean the existing thinking isn’t worthwhile. It’s just that there is
enough of it for now. It’s fair enough that we loosen our grip on the post-2015
agenda a little, and give those who it will affect most the opportunity to
shape it more strongly. </span><br />
<br />
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Bill
Morton is an independent researcher and policy analyst based in Ottawa. He
previously worked for Oxfam Australia and The North-South Institute. Previous
versions of this blog appeared on the </span></i><span lang="EN-AU" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-AU; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><a href="http://devpolicy.org/"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: yellow;">Development Policy Centre blog</span></i></a><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: yellow;"> </span>and NSI’s </i><a href="http://cidpnsi.ca/"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: yellow;">Canadian Internatio<span style="mso-bookmark: _GoBack;"></span>nal Development Platform</span></i></a><a href="http://www.blogger.com/null" name="_GoBack"></a><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">. The views expressed are his own, and do not necessarily represent the views of
CCIC or its members.</i></span></div>
chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-58683324983349802652012-11-12T14:57:00.000-05:002012-11-12T14:57:50.418-05:00False Hope: the harmful promotion of agrofuels in Asia and Canada When the price of agrofuel production finally became economically competitive with the high price of oil around 2005, a debate soon opened up about whether transport fuel produced from crops (such as palm oil, corn, sugarcane, jatropha, etc.) could actually help our planet to cope with the fuel, food, climate, and financial crises we face. While production of agrofuel shows no sign of slowing down (see <a href="http://stats.oecd.org/viewhtml.aspx?QueryId=30104&vh=0000&vf=0&l&il=blank&lang=en">OECD tables for global agrofuel production</a>), there is an overwhelming body of evidence that agrofuels are not the solution we need.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiL90j7uCNc7mpzH_Dlqd7USGou8nOaBANuhUexJQoI__Pv1YDLQxzyeG5JoINgGx18fzTzVjAsKZ9fk7Jg3Y-q3j0B2vY_Z4b9jzQ5sTDLX8A9ffOzY9ZhRTThDLJX5zRJeXP4AT-cuXs/s1600/dreamstime_l_862183small.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiL90j7uCNc7mpzH_Dlqd7USGou8nOaBANuhUexJQoI__Pv1YDLQxzyeG5JoINgGx18fzTzVjAsKZ9fk7Jg3Y-q3j0B2vY_Z4b9jzQ5sTDLX8A9ffOzY9ZhRTThDLJX5zRJeXP4AT-cuXs/s320/dreamstime_l_862183small.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Oil palm plantation, Malaysia</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Production of agrofuels (also widely referred to by the more hopeful term ‘biofuels’) is harming communities and ecosystems around the world. Agrofuel production, particularly in industrial monoculture plantations has led to land grabbing, food insecurity, poor labour conditions, decreased biodiversity, soil erosion, deforestation, and increased carbon emissions (through production, land use change, and transport).<br />
<br />
The Asia-Pacific Working Group, one of CCIC’s regional working groups, recently finished drafting a report on this topic: <i><a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/working_groups/DRAFT-Agrofuel_APWG2012.pdf">Agrofuel in Asia: Production, Impacts, International Incentives & Canada’s Role</a></i>. The report analyzes current production of agrofuel across Asia, examines the impacts of this production on communities and ecosystems, looks at international demand and incentives for agrofuel, and asks what role Canada plays in promoting agrofuel. I presented this report (<a href="http://prezi.com/zyegse8aka6j/biofuels-asia-casa-2012/">view presentation online</a>) at a Canadian Asian Studies Association conference earlier this month.<br />
<br />
Our report finds that although many countries (including Canada, but also several in Asia - Korea, Japan, Vietnam) are investing in research into agrofuel production that does not require food crops (these are the so-called second and third generation agrofuels, to be produced from grasses, fast-growing trees, agricultural residues, algae, etc.), the vast majority of current agrofuel production still comes from taking food crops produced on good agricultural land, and converting them into ethanol or agro-diesel.<br />
<br />
This means that the global demand for transport fuel is being partially satisfied by using agricultural land (often in developing countries, for export) to grow food crops that, instead of being used to feed humans, are used for fuel. That this practice is leading to land grabbing and food insecurity should come as no surprise. As land is acquired abroad to grow agrofuel to meet domestic demand (<a href="http://www.actionaid.org/eu/publications/fuel-thought-addressing-social-impacts-eu-biofuels-policies">ActionAid</a> puts the global total at 50 million hectares of land grabs for agrofuel), poorer groups lose access to their traditional lands, which compromises livelihoods and access to food.<br />
<br />
Canada’s strategy in regards to agrofuels is based on the ideas of sustained growth, and problem solving through technological innovation, which aligns with the vision of a “<a href="http://www.unep.org/greeneconomy/">green economy</a>” (being promoted by the UN Environment Programme among others) in which technological solutions will provide the answers, while the current production processes of producing agrofuel from crops, continue unchanged. The Canadian government is investing in agrofuel subsidies, blending mandates and research into alternative agrofuel feedstock sources (notably its <a href="http://www.sdtc.ca/index.php?page=nextgen-funding-niche&hl=en_CA">NextGen Biofuels Fund</a> and <a href="http://www.biofuelnet.ca/">BioFuelNet Canada</a>). Encouraging demand for agrofuels in Canada makes it likely that more agrofuels will be produced in Asia since Canada may not be able to satisfy its own needs with domestic production. By promoting the consumption of both ethanol and agrodiesel, the Canadian government is also supporting agrofuel production in Asia, which leads to the many negative consequences outlined above.<br />
<br />
<b>For further reading: </b><br />
<br />
Besides the research undertaken by academics and international institutions, many CSOs have done extensive work to analyze the impacts of agrofuel production and agrofuel subsidies and blending targets.
<br />
<br />
For more details, see: <a href="http://www.actionaid.org/eu/publications/fuel-thought-addressing-social-impacts-eu-biofuels-policies"><i>Fuel for Thought: Addressing the social impacts of EU biofuel policies</i></a> (ActionAid 2012); <i><a href="http://www.etcgroup.org/files/biomassters_27feb2011.pdf">The New Biomassters</a></i> (ETC Group 2010); <i><a href="http://www.foe.co.uk/resource/briefings/driving_to_destruction.pdf">Driving to Destruction: the impacts of Europe’s biofuel plans on carbon emissions and land</a></i> (Friends of the Earth 2010); <i><a href="http://policy-practice.oxfam.org.uk/publications/the-hunger-grains-the-fight-is-on-time-toscrap-eu-biofuel-mandates-242997">The Hunger Grains: The fight is on. Time to scrap EU biofuel mandates</a></i> (Oxfam International 2012); <a href="http://usc-canada.org/UserFiles/File/Fact-Sheet-Agrofuels.pdf"><i>Food for Fuel?</i></a> (USC Canada 2008); and <i><a href="http://viacampesina.net/downloads/AGROFUELS/EN/LVC-AGROFUEL7.pdf">Industrial Agrofuels Fuel Hunger and Poverty</a></i> (La Via Campesina 2009).<br />
<br />
<i>This blog was written by Jack Litster, Assistant Coordinator of the Asia-Pacific Working Group, CCIC. The views expressed are his own, and do not necessarily represent the views of CCIC or its members.
</i>Jack Litsterhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06583121516238817545noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-79111779483007055002012-11-05T08:58:00.000-05:002012-11-05T08:58:12.340-05:00Education for All: Looking Back, Looking Forward (Part 2 of 2)<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvxmHrVYoWfhq_OgHFAtdccRHmqAGOr1_6LpXTNvqo-aYREzL5ETYF04myNnBgf1Cm_yJKl0ROLMUIDvSROsZP9SoLkjrDYBBFrtxTJb4-iL2dm6epZPstuBzid5tq3r9QCmzM8G-t61Je/s1600/Natalie_Poulson_CGCE.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvxmHrVYoWfhq_OgHFAtdccRHmqAGOr1_6LpXTNvqo-aYREzL5ETYF04myNnBgf1Cm_yJKl0ROLMUIDvSROsZP9SoLkjrDYBBFrtxTJb4-iL2dm6epZPstuBzid5tq3r9QCmzM8G-t61Je/s200/Natalie_Poulson_CGCE.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;"><em>A report back from the UNESCO Collective
Consultation with NGOs on Education for All.</em><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><em></em></span></span></span> </div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">Looking
ahead: 2015 and beyond<o:p></o:p></span></span></b><br />
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;"></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">There are common threads in the discussions
about what will/should replace the EFA and MDG goals in 2015, not least of
which is that this is an opportunity for us to reframe our assumptions. We need
to ask ourselves some fundamental questions about the purpose of education and
about education’s role in creating the world we want. </span></span><br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">Recognizing the risks of keeping two
separate agendas, the education community is forging ahead with articulating a
vision for EFA beyond 2015, while hoping to continue to influence the broader
development agenda. We know that we want to put human rights and social justice
at the core of whatever frameworks are to come, and that we cannot succumb to a
reductionist agenda. </span></span></div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">That being said, our greatest collective
impact may be felt if we can articulate a broad, comprehensive goal that the
education community can stand behind and advocate for inclusion in the post-MDG
framework. I was disappointed that we did not make much progress on this as a
sector at CCNGO, but threads of this are starting to emerge. </span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: Cambria;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">The common demands across all aspects and
levels of education include the need to address equity, quality and financing
issues in education. As in other sectors, we cannot achieve our goals without
targeted interventions to address and include the most marginalized among us,
including those with disabilities, ethnic and linguistic minorities, those
affected by conflict, etc. </span></span></div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">We must address quality moving forward, </span><a href="http://ccic-ccci.blogspot.ca/2012/03/shift-in-focus-from-education-for-all.html"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: Cambria;">ensuring
learning for all</span></a><span style="font-family: Cambria;"> with concrete and measurable indicators that do not
distill achievement to learning outcomes in literacy only. We must also ensure
that adequate numbers of <u>qualified</u> teachers who are regarded as professionals
and partners are seen to be at the core of the quality agenda. </span></span></div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">Finally, we need an actionable agenda on
financing a holistic education framework. At the national level we need to
ensure that past pledges to spend 20% of budgets, or 6% of GDP on basic
education are met. This means integrating the education sector more fully into
national planning, advocating for progressive taxation, and ensuring that
profits from resource extraction are spent on the social sector. It also means
donors stepping up to fill the financing gap and ensure that “no countries
seriously committed to education for all will be thwarted in their achievement
of this goal by a lack of resources” (Dakar Framework for Action).</span></span></div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">Civil society has never been more organized
or more influential, especially in the education sector. We’ve learned a lot
about what works and what needs to be done to achieve these goals. After a
thought-provoking and energizing week in Paris, I am hopeful that we can work
with our national and multilateral partners to articulate a vision for
education and for development that embraces the spirit of the EFA framework and
ensures the realization of human rights around the world.</span></span></div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">Natalie
Poulson is the National Coordinator for the </span></i><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.cgce.ca/"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: yellow;">Canadian Global
Campaign for Education</span></i></a><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="color: yellow;">.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The views expressed are her own, and do not necessarily represent the views of CCIC or its members.</span></i></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Cambria;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><o:p>The first part of this blog was published on Friday, Nov. 2, 2012.</o:p></i></span></div>
chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-56063787048835900742012-11-02T10:30:00.000-04:002012-11-02T10:30:01.697-04:00Education for All: Looking Back, Looking Forward (Part 1 of 2)<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaKJyQ188NoXf4xPQFos0bmtaQ9tWB4STUAnOr8Fa7_kj-mWJMTtiDGNYd-Ofmc3ITU0JBawuOgK3gwz5gqByglJleKm-KehKPW-792ga8ZxZuNWtMZLmtWdEVfpLfzhABzYnWYnZuLOd7/s1600/Natalie_Poulson_CGCE.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaKJyQ188NoXf4xPQFos0bmtaQ9tWB4STUAnOr8Fa7_kj-mWJMTtiDGNYd-Ofmc3ITU0JBawuOgK3gwz5gqByglJleKm-KehKPW-792ga8ZxZuNWtMZLmtWdEVfpLfzhABzYnWYnZuLOd7/s200/Natalie_Poulson_CGCE.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
<i><span lang="EN-US">Capacity,
coordination, frustration, evidence, openness, hope, communication,
knowledge-base, reflectiveness, convergence, options, unfocused, dissemination</span></i><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">These were some of the words that
participants used to sum up our discussion when I had the pleasure last week of
moderating a working group on reaching the <a href="http://www.unesco.org/new/en/education/themes/leading-the-international-agenda/education-for-all/efa-goals/">Education
for All (EFA) goals</a> by 2015. <i><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">The working group was part of a larger
meeting of UNESCO’s <a href="http://www.unesco.org/new/en/education/themes/leading-the-international-agenda/education-for-all/international-cooperation/collective-consultation-of-ngos/">Collective
Consultation with NGOs on Education for All</a> (CCNGO/EFA), which brought
together over 150 representatives of national, regional and global NGOs and
civil society networks from around the world. We came together to take stock of
our achievements in education, discuss solutions to the challenges that remain,
and begin to articulate a vision for education post-2015. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">But before I jump into where we are going, let’s
talk about where we’ve been.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-US">Education
for All<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">In short, a set of global goals was
established in the <a href="http://www.unesco.org/education/pdf/JOMTIE_E.PDF">World
Declaration on Education for All</a> in Jomtien, Thailand in 1990. A decade on, the goals were reaffirmed by the
international community through the <a href="http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001211/121147e.pdf">Dakar Framework
for Action</a> (2000), and two of those goals were picked up by the <a href="http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/mdgoverview.html">Millennium
Development Goals</a> (universal primary education and gender parity). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Since that time we have seen increased
national spending on education, the abolition of school fees and rights-based
frameworks translated into national legislation in many countries. This has spurred
unprecedented enrollment in primary school and a narrowing gender gap.
Comprehensive education plans are being drafted to fit within national
development strategies, and civil society participation in the governance of
education (and not just low-cost service provision) has sky-rocketed. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Education has often been highlighted as the
success story of the MDGs and, indeed, there is much for which we should be
proud. But the most consistent message coming out of participants at the CCNGO
is that the road ahead is still long and that we must remain vigilant.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">As for many sectors, the next two years
represent our “moment of truth,” so to speak, as we make a push to achieve the MDG
and EFA goals by 2015. The newest data released by the Education for All (EFA) Global
Monitoring Report earlier this month shows us that progress in education has
been uneven across the goals, and is stagnating.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Against this backdrop, civil society
gathered at the CCNGO identified a number of common challenges that will
require targeted action if we are to achieve the EFA goals.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">So what next?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span lang="EN-US">Underlying
Currents<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">There were two underlying currents that
were pervasive throughout CCNGO. First, EFA is unfinished business – these are
goals that must be attained rather than scrapped for an entirely new agenda.
The most neglected goals, those pertaining to early childhood education, youth
skills and adult literacy, need immediate redress. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Secondly – and this may surprise some
readers - the EFA agenda was actually negatively impacted by the Millennium
Development Goals. Certainly the MDGs were a useful mobilizing tool and did
much to shed light on education issues; it recognized them as central to the long-term
sustainability of development. But by extracting two goals from a set of holistic,
mutually-reinforcing education goals, both the MDGs and EFA goals were set to
fail. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Those are strong words, so let’s break it
down. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">Although universal primary education (UPE)
and gender parity are important goals, they will never be achieved without
attention to the full education agenda. We know that children in low-income
countries who are malnourished and underdeveloped, who have never benefited
from comprehensive and holistic early childhood education programs, and whose
parents are illiterate, have significantly decreased chances of staying in
school and succeeding. We know that no country has ever achieved universal
primary education without a certain percentage of secondary school spots as
incentive to move forward. I could go on, but I think the point is clear that
focusing on UPE is not a sufficient way forward. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN-US">On the MDG side, those of us in the
education community can point to mounting evidence that education is an
underlying factor in the level of achievement - or lack thereof - in all of
these worthy 8 goals. And so, if we cannot achieve the MDGs without addressing
education, and we cannot achieve MDG 2 (UPE) and MDG 3 (gender parity) without
addressing all of the EFA goals, then we seem to be at an impasse. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<b>(The second part of this blog will be published on Monday, November 5, 2012)</b><br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-US">Natalie
Poulson is the National Coordinator for the </span></i><span lang="EN-US"><i><a href="http://www.cgce.ca/">Canadian Global
Campaign for Education</a>. </i></span><i>The views expressed are her own, and do not necessarily represent the views of CCIC or its members.</i></div>
chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-75049528162733051912012-10-26T16:02:00.002-04:002012-10-26T16:06:14.503-04:00What our new case studies on the Istanbul Principles tell us about development<div class="separator" style="clear: both; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: left;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh28zApg0JiOvYGG47GnIzLOBOYMbIoZDBLmDGBT_xcUeuwR8QxShAF_zJ4O_eapRhYBGHlxe8buNoOWsSNFAyThFnV0bSzTXje8rjAL55jO7jSTY0hyphenhyphenxJQ9XkF4yUpLGGcTvI10w6roItu/s1600/Staff+photos+002.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh28zApg0JiOvYGG47GnIzLOBOYMbIoZDBLmDGBT_xcUeuwR8QxShAF_zJ4O_eapRhYBGHlxe8buNoOWsSNFAyThFnV0bSzTXje8rjAL55jO7jSTY0hyphenhyphenxJQ9XkF4yUpLGGcTvI10w6roItu/s200/Staff+photos+002.jpg" width="200" /></a><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">This week, CCIC <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/IP-case-studies.php" target="_blank">published to its web site</a>
24 case studies profiling best and innovative practice among Canada’s
development and humanitarian sector – relating this practice to each of the eight
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2010_09_istanbul_principles.pdf" target="_blank">Istanbul Principles for CSO DevelopmentEffectiveness</a>.<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: Cambria;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">It is a process that has been nine months
in the making, but I think well worth the wait.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: Cambria;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">When CCIC conducted a series of workshops
on the Istanbul Principles out West in the winter, one message was clear: while
everyone was enthusiastic about the Principles, it all felt just a little too
abstract. What was needed, we kept hearing, was a series of case studies that
would help organizations better see how the Istanbul Principles could be
translated into practice. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: Cambria;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">And so CCIC kick-started a process, working
in collaboration with some of our members, the Provincial and Regional Councils
and their members, to pull together more than 30 different case studies (some
are still forthcoming) with at least two or three on every Principle.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: Cambria;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">Each case study speaks volumes about the
incredible work that organizations across the country are already doing. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: Cambria;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">But having been intimately involved in
helping to bring these all together, there are eight reflections that I wanted
to share from reading the case studies as a collection. They are all obvious,
but still worth mentioning since I think we often neglect them in the stories
we tell our supporters about development.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: Cambria;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">1.</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Cambria;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">Best practices are rooted in diversity.</span></b><span lang="EN-US">
No organization has a monopoly on best practices. The case studies are drawn
from across the country, from <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP2_COADY.pdf" target="_blank">Antigonish</a> to<a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP6_CODEV.pdf" target="_blank"> Vancouver</a>, from small groups like
<a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP2_WEIF.pdf" target="_blank">Women’s Empowerment International Foundation</a> to big ones like <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP5_OXFAM_Q.pdf" target="_blank">Oxfam Québec</a>.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">2.</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Cambria;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">The Istanbul Principles are complementary and interrelated.</span></b><span lang="EN-US"> To some degree, the Principle under which some of the case studies
fall is somewhat arbitrary. <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP2_KAIROS.pdf" target="_blank">KAIROS’s “Womenof Courage” </a>tour is as much about
human rights and empowerment as it is about gender equality. <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP7_CFGB.pdf" target="_blank">Canadian Foodgrains Bank’s “Conservation Agriculture”</a> is as much about the promoting environmental
sustainability and realizing positive sustainable change, as it is about
creating and sharing knowledge.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">3.</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Cambria;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">Learning is invaluable and needs to be integrated as a core
component into our work.</span></b><span lang="EN-US"> The <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP7_HC.pdf" target="_blank">Humanitarian Coalition</a>,
from the outset, invests in evaluations of its interventions in Pakistan, Haiti
and the Western Sahel. <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP5_OXFAM_C.pdf" target="_blank">Oxfam Canada</a> engaged in a process of blind evaluation by
its partners, to see what they really thought of Oxfam. <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP2_Inter_Pares.pdf" target="_blank">Inter Pares</a> set out to
document the connection between its recognized program results and its feminist
values and approach. In each case, organizations found the resources in their
budget to learn and to improve their practice.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt 36pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -18pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">4.</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Cambria;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">Long term outcomes require long-term investments.</span></b><span lang="EN-US"> For groups like <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP1_CAUSE.pdf" target="_blank">CAUSE</a> and <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP1_EQUITAS.pdf" target="_blank">EQUITAS</a>, working with human rights
defenders in countries with a long history of violence and conflict, change is
slow – but when it comes, also deeply rewarding. </span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">5.</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Cambria;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">Sustainable Projects mean people are the subjects of development,
not objects.</span></b><span lang="EN-US"> The <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP3_AKFC.pdf" target="_blank">Agha Khan Foundation’s</a> Community
Development Councils, <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP8_WV.pdf" target="_blank">World Vision’s</a> Child Health Now Program, <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP3_CFCA.pdf" target="_blank">Change For Children’s</a> “Community Water Committees”, and Save the Children’s “As We
learn, We Grow” (forthcoming) all put men, women and children in the drivers’
seat, not as passengers, of development.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">6.</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: Cambria;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">Civil society is incredibly innovative and resourceful.</span></b><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP4_CARE.pdf" target="_blank">CARE Canada</a> has developed a
toolkit for practitioners to help them better integrate climate adaptation
issues into their development programs, making them more resilient and
sustainable. <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP4_LUTW.pdf" target="_blank">Light Up The World</a> is working to equip remote communities with
renewable sources of energy and the knowledge to be able to maintain the
equipment. <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP5_EWB.pdf" target="_blank">Engineers Without Borders</a> work on transparency has translated into
both an advocacy campaign to make the Canadian International Development Agency
(CIDA) more transparent, and measures to placed their own organization under
the same set of standards they were demanding of CIDA.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">7.</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Cambria;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">Sustainable change is key.</span></b><span lang="EN-US"> <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP8_CAWST.pdf" target="_blank">CAWST</a> has set
up Water Expertise and Training (WET) Centres in the areas where it work to
provide education, training, and consulting services on water, sanitation and
hygiene so that this knowledge stays in the community. <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP6_CCFC.pdf" target="_blank">Christian Children’s Fund</a> has made building the skills, capacity and professionalism of its partners
a key pillar of programming, not just an afterthought.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP8_CODE.pdf" target="_blank">CODE’s </a>approach to education goes beyond the
students, to enhancing the professional development of teachers, the community,
government officials and national teaching standards. While enhancing the literacy
of marginalized women and children in India is primary focus of the programs
that <a href="http://www.ccic.ca/_files/en/what_we_do/2012_IP3_WLC.pdf" target="_blank">World Literacy Canada</a> runs, WLC is also slowly creating space for women in
the political life of their villages.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">8.</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Cambria;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US">Development is an iterative process.</span></b><span lang="EN-US">
This is true of all the case studies. Good development identifies a challenge,
proposes a solution, and then adapts and readapts until the program has a life
of its own within the community of country. </span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: Cambria;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">Finally thanks to all of the organizations
who have put in a huge amount of time and energy (and probably, some blood,
sweat and tears), to help us pull this off. It was certainly worth it!</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><o:p><span style="font-family: Cambria;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria;">To read these and other case studies, go to
<a href="http://www.ccic.ca/IP-case-studies.php">http://www.ccic.ca/IP-case-studies.php</a> </span></span></div>
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<em><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><o:p> </o:p></span></em></div>
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<em><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">This blog was written by
Fraser Reilly-King, Policy Analyst (Aid), CCIC. The views expressed are his
own, and do not necessarily represent the views of CCIC or its members.</span></em></div>
Fraser Reilly-Kinghttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17880022654308483181noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6042803231222037602.post-38020244567122255382012-10-17T11:59:00.000-04:002012-10-17T11:59:12.743-04:00A wealthier nation doesn’t necessarily mean lower poverty rates.<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">The world has marked Oct. 17 as the International Day for the Eradication of Poverty every year </span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">since 1993,when the United Nations General Assembly designated a day to promote awareness that poverty and destitution in all countries must be wiped out. This has become a stated development priority for most donor countries as well as many national governments and local groups working on the ground in both developed and developing countries. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Despite the multiple commitments and efforts to do away with extreme poverty, there are as many poor people today then there were in the early 1990s, with poverty in some nations, including Canada, being stubbornly persistent. Even with the progress made on the Millennium Development Goals, and in particular the goal that tackles poverty and hunger, the fact remains that there are only four to five per cent fewer poor people in absolute terms in the world today. And, notably, the vast majority of those living below the poverty line today (72 per cent) live in countries now considered “middle income,” whereas these same states were low-income countries in the early 1990s. At that time, 93 per cent of those below the poverty line lived in low-income countries. In other words, the increasing wealth of a nation does not necessarily correspond to decreasing poverty rates. High-income countries like Canada are a good example </span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">of this phenomenon. Canada is one of the richest countries in the world. Yet there are between three million and 4.4 million people living in poverty, representing 10 to 13 per cent of the population. This level of poverty is unacceptable in an affluent country well capable of a poverty rate close to, if not right at, zero.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Little attention paid to underlying causes<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">How do we explain that middle-income countries (such as Pakistan, India, China, Nigeria, and Indonesia) that have increasing resources to fight poverty, and even developed countries like Canada, allow for such sizeable numbers of their citizens to remain unable to meet their basic needs? Part of the answer is in the limited attention that has been given at the global and </span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">national levels to the underlying causes of poverty—including inequality, discrimination, and disempowerment. To date, mobilization to eradicate poverty has focused on addressing the symptoms of poverty instead of on the policy changes needed to do away with the causes of poverty. Canada has a historic future opportunity to provide leadership at the international </span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">level on this critical global issue. In 2013, the UN has convened a major event to assess progress on the Millennium Development Goals (before they expire in 2015) and prepare the ground for the post-2015 development framework. Global leadership is urgently needed to ensure that in the next round of goals, the structural causes of poverty are boldly addressed.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Canada can provide that international leadership, building, for example, on its role in maternal child health. But to do so with credibility, Canada must first show leadership and robust </span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">action at home. The federal government must urgently address poverty, homelessness, and hunger in Canada starting with the adoption of national intergovernmental strategies based on national and international human rights principles including equality and non-discrimination. This </span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">should include rights-based participation, such as complaints mechanisms and independent monitoring and review with enforceable targets and timelines. Canada must also show leadership by increasing and enhancing its aid commitments directed exclusively at ending poverty in the world. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">The theme for this year’s International Day for the Eradication of Poverty,“Working together out </span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">of poverty,”highlights the need for all levels of government to work in concert to end poverty in </span><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Canada, as well as for a truly global anti-poverty alliance, one in which both developed and developing countries participate actively in addressing poverty issues everywhere. We are encouraged that today parliamentarians will be attending an evening panel discussion called “Ending Poverty Together: Real Stories, Real Solutions,” organized by the All-Party Anti-Poverty Caucus. We are also encouraged that today a group of civil society organizations, working on poverty issues internationally, are launching the “<a href="http://www.reversethecuts.ca/">Reverse the Cuts</a>” campaign, aimed at garnering popular support for the needed boost in the quantity and quality of Canadian aid. We are moving in the right direction, and with federal leadership we could make significant progress.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">Julia Sanchez is the president-CEO of the Canadian Council for International Co-operation, Canada’s coalition to end global poverty. Leilani Farha is the executive director of Canada Without Poverty and the CWP Advocacy Network, organizations dedicated to the elimination of poverty in Canada.<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i><span style="font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-CA;">This Op Ed was published in Embassy Newspaper on October 17, 2012.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
chantal havardhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05718142918642519916noreply@blogger.com0